Fast fabrication of double-layer printed circuits using bismuth-based low-melting alloy beads

Zhang, Pengju; Yu, Yi; Chen, Bo-Wei; Wang, Wei; Wei, Sijian; Rao, Wei; Wang, Qian

doi:10.1039/d0tc01806f

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Oxidation of Liquid Metals in Two Configurations: (a) Linear configuration: The liquid metal linear samples were obtained by needle extrusion on substrates like PET or glass, regulating the sample size by the extrusion speed and the movement speed of the needle. [27] CMC-Na electrolyte was added to the part that needs to be oxidized. The degree of liquid metal oxidation was controlled by the DC supply voltage and reaction time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation to Fabricate Micro‐Nano‐Scale Surface Wrinkling of Liquid Metals

Zhou

Xing

Wang

et al. 2023

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Constructing wrinkled structures on the surface of materials to obtain new functions has broad application prospects. Here a generalized method is reported to fabricate multi‐scale and diverse‐dimensional oxide wrinkles on liquid metal surfaces by an electrochemical anodization method. The oxide film on the surface of the liquid metal is successfully thickened to hundreds of nanometers by electrochemical anodization, and then the micro‐wrinkles with height differences of several hundred nanometers are obtained by the growth stress. It is succeeded in altering the distribution of growth stress by changing the substrate geometry to induce different wrinkle morphologies, such as one‐dimensional striped wrinkles and two‐dimensional labyrinth wrinkles. Further, radial wrinkles are obtained under the hoop stress induced by the difference in surface tensions. These hierarchical wrinkles of different scales can exist on the liquid metal surface simultaneously. Surface wrinkles of liquid metal may have potential applications in the future for flexible electronics, sensors, displays, and so on.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation to Fabricate Micro‐Nano‐Scale Surface Wrinkling of Liquid Metals

Zhou

Xing

Wang

et al. 2023

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“…8). 74 75 Therefore, Bi-based alloys could provide a soft, lead-free solution for radiation shielding in the future. Additionally, Deng et al evaluated the radiation shielding properties of Ga-based LM materials.…”

Section: Application Of Lm Biomaterials In Medical Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid metal biomaterials for biomedical imaging

Gao

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. B

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“…Other metals that melt near room temperatures, such as bismuth-based alloys and lead-based alloys, have their own characteristics in thermotics, [173] printing technology, [163] low-dimensional material synthesis, [54,55] and surface catalysis, [174] respectively. Compared with gallium-based alloys, the melting points of these post-transition metals are still relatively high so that there is little difference from traditional metals, which means that oxidization is not distributed to the wetting characteristics of these alloys.…”

Section: Wwwadvmatinterfacesdementioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Engineering of Room Temperature Liquid Metals

Liu

Cui

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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and formed spontaneously and instantaneously upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen. [1-3] The thin film or "protective skin" covering the surface of RTLMs, generally dominated the physical properties and applications of the materials. This thin film is composed of a majority fraction of gallium oxides with a much smaller amount of indium and tin oxides. [4] When immersed in acidic or alkaline electrolytes, the oxidic films of RTLMs will be dissolved. [5-8] Due to the disorder of internal structure, the surface of the spherical liquid metal droplet is smooth and removable under the function of surface tension. [9,10] According to the size and structure of the solid substrate, the contact areas between the liquid metal and the solid substrate shows various wetting phenomena and corresponding application scenarios. [11-14] Surface chemical composition plays the primary role in dominating various phenomena and practical applications of RTLMs, which possessed the technologically important and scientifically interesting parameter. Gallium-based liquid metal is similar in structure to conventional solid metal, except for some covalent bonds inside, and the physicochemical properties have the commonality of both metallic solid and fluid properties. [15] The composition of gallium-based alloys can be assumed as made up of several atomic groups, within which the permutation of the solid remains, the binding energy between the liquid atoms remains strong, but the binding force between the groups was broken. The interface refers to the contact area between the different phases, which is the transition layer from one phase to another. The binding force of electrons that are relatively far away from the inner core is related to their energy, causing the interface behavior between different phases to be incompletely consistent. The surface is a type of interface, which specifically refers to the gas phase substance in interfacial behavior. In the processes of thermodynamics, [16,17] surface absorption, [18,19] controllable wetting, [6,13,20] material catalysis, [21,22] redox, and other physical and chemical reactions, [23,24] RTLMs inevitably contact with other substances with different phase states. Even the pure liquid metal would contact with oxygen in the air to yield a thin protective film. [17,25,26] Therefore, the investigation of interfacial behaviors between RTLMs and different surrounding mediums is helpful to renovate and broaden the understanding and applications of liquid metal. So far, there gradually appeared literature on phenomena and mechanism of the interfacial effect of RTLMs, such as synthesis of low-dimensional materials in the gas atmosphere, [27,28] Room temperature liquid metals (RTLMs), especially those made of galliumbased alloys belong to an emerging versatile material with fascinating characteristics derived from its simultaneous metallic and inherent fluidic natures. The interfacial effects of liquid metal involved in diverse surfaces thus play critical roles in explaining many fundamental phenomena....

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Fast fabrication of double-layer printed circuits using bismuth-based low-melting alloy beads

Abstract: A novel fabrication method for double-layer printed circuits was reported based on BiInSn beads, offering more simplicity, practicability and functional diversity.

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Electrochemical Oxidation to Fabricate Micro‐Nano‐Scale Surface Wrinkling of Liquid Metals

Electrochemical Oxidation to Fabricate Micro‐Nano‐Scale Surface Wrinkling of Liquid Metals

Liquid metal biomaterials for biomedical imaging

Interfacial Engineering of Room Temperature Liquid Metals

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