Fast Determination of Manganese in Milk and Similar Infant Food Samples Using Multivariate Optimization and GF AAS

Amorim, Flávia Regina de; Nascentes, Clésia C.; Franco, Mílton Batista; Silva, José Bento Borba da

doi:10.1155/2011/810641

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Two of the products in this study were not supplemented with Mn and used cow milk as an ingredient (Fig 1). Cow milk generally has a much lower native concentration of Mn than soy, rice, or chocolate, but a higher concentration of Mn than human breast milk [55,94,95, 100–107]. This is a possible reason why “cow milk” products had the lowest maximum concentration of Mn when compared to “soy”, “rice”, and “chocolate” products, 36 μg/100 kcal (Fig 1 and Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, one of the products based on goat milk did not have supplemental Mn; however, it also contained chocolate, so the effect of goat milk on total Mn concentration could not be assessed from this set of samples. Prior surveys suggest that the Mn concentration of goat milk is comparable to that of cow milk [100,108–110]; similarly, the Mn concentration of goat-milk based formulas has been shown to be comparable to that of cow-milk based formulas [96].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manganese levels in infant formula and young child nutritional beverages in the United States and France: Comparison to breast milk and regulations

Frisbie

Mitchell²,

Roudeau

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Exposure to high levels of manganese (Mn) in children has recently been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental effects. Current infant formula regulations for Mn content were set between 1981 (United States), 2006 (European Union, France), and 2007 (Codex Alimentarius) prior to the publication of much of the growing body of research on the developmental neurotoxicity of Mn. In this study, we sought to measure the concentrations of Mn in some infant formulas and young child nutritional beverages available on the United States (US) and French markets using ion beam analysis by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) spectrometry and then compare the analytical results to concentrations reported in the literature for breast milk and applicable infant formula regulations and guidelines. We were particularly interested in measuring Mn concentrations in product types for which there is very little data from previous surveys, especially soy-based, rice-based, goat-milk based, chocolate-flavored, and nutritional beverages for young children that are not regulated as infant or follow-on formulas (e.g. “toddler formulas” and “toddler powders”). We purchased 44 infant formulas and young child nutritional beverage products in the US and France with varying protein sources (cow-milk, goat-milk, soy, rice) labelled for birth to 3 years. We selected these samples using maximum variation sampling to explore market extremes to facilitate comparisons to regulatory limits. Since this sampling method is non-probabilistic, other inferences cannot be made beyond this set of samples to the overall markets. We used ion beam analysis to measure the concentrations of Mn in each product. The range of measured Mn concentrations in the products is 160–2,800 μg/L, substantially higher than the 3–6 μg/L mean Mn concentration reported in human breast milk. All products satisfied national and Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) international standards for minimum Mn content in infant formulas; however, 7/25 of the products purchased in the US exceeded the CAC Guidance Upper Level of 100 μg Mn/kcal for infant formula.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese levels in infant formula and young child nutritional beverages in the United States and France: Comparison to breast milk and regulations

Frisbie

Mitchell²,

Roudeau

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…January 2018| Volume 6 | Issue 1 | Page 15 (De Amorim et al, 2011). A prebiotic can be explained as a non-digestible food component which initiates specific changes in the activity of the gastrointestinal flora with advantageous effects on host well-being and health (Donovan and Gibson, 2009;Kristensen et al, 2016).…”

Section: South Asian Journal Of Life Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Estimation of Metal Ions and Nutrient Value of Formulae Milk and Baby Foods Available in Pakistan Under Different Brand Names

Arif¹,

Khan²,

Majeed³

et al. 2018

S. Asian J. Life Sci.

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| The present study describes the concentrations of contaminating trace metals like iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel and magnesium; toxic metals including cadmium and lead, micro nutrients including sodium and potassium among 27 different infant milk and baby foods. The samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer prior to acid digestion. The levels of elements in analyzed samples were found to be under legal limits. Nickel concentration was found to be higher in some infant food that ranged 0.008-0.09 mg/g and in infant cereals ranged 0.005-0.01mg/g. The range of investigated metals zinc, iron, copper, cadmium, lead, sodium, potassium and magnesium, was 0.0005-0.12 mg/g, 0.002-0.13 mg/g, 0.0005-0.45 mg/g, 0.001-0.04 mg/g, 0.001-0.21 mg/g and 0.01-1-2.82 mg/g, 0.03-9.9 mg/g, and 0.01-0.046 mg/g in infant foods and cereals. The estimated intake of these metals were within recommended tolerable levels of these elements. Protein content was determined by Lowry's method that ranged 0.02-2.1 mg/ g. Moreover, infant formulas were analyzed for the bacterial load (probiotics) and it was found that most of the products analyzed in this study contained a sufficient amount of probiotic bacteria in them. Our data can guide the parents and physicians in the selection of baby foods in Pakistan.

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Pre-concentration of trace Mn from dairy products through a pH-induced tautomerization/charge transfer complexation before spectrophotometric analysis

Gürkan,

Zengin

2024

Chem. Pap.

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Fast Determination of Manganese in Milk and Similar Infant Food Samples Using Multivariate Optimization and GF AAS

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Manganese levels in infant formula and young child nutritional beverages in the United States and France: Comparison to breast milk and regulations

Manganese levels in infant formula and young child nutritional beverages in the United States and France: Comparison to breast milk and regulations

Spectrophotometric Estimation of Metal Ions and Nutrient Value of Formulae Milk and Baby Foods Available in Pakistan Under Different Brand Names

Pre-concentration of trace Mn from dairy products through a pH-induced tautomerization/charge transfer complexation before spectrophotometric analysis

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