“…Organic capping and support materials can be monomers, surfactants, or polymers, and may provide hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or amphiphilic properties for nZVI organic composites. Examples for organic modifiers are pectin [30], long-chain carboxylic acids and long-chain amines [25], rhamnolipid [31], octa(cholinium)-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane [32], sycamore tree seed pod fibers [33], polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polystyrene resin, and polyvinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate-co-itaconic acid [8]. All of these organic modifier/nZVI composites can be prepared by the borohydride route.…”