2014
DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2014.00097
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Fast convergence of learning requires plasticity between inferior olive and deep cerebellar nuclei in a manipulation task: a closed-loop robotic simulation

Abstract: The cerebellum is known to play a critical role in learning relevant patterns of activity for adaptive motor control, but the underlying network mechanisms are only partly understood. The classical long-term synaptic plasticity between parallel fibers (PFs) and Purkinje cells (PCs), which is driven by the inferior olive (IO), can only account for limited aspects of learning. Recently, the role of additional forms of plasticity in the granular layer, molecular layer and deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) has been con… Show more

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Cited by 38 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…Spinal neurons can directly connect to cerebellar nuclei, especially the interposed nucleus, via the spinocerebellar tracts and spinoreticulocerebellar tracts. 23 Moreover, the cerebellar nuclei also indirectly connect with spinal neurons via the cerebellar cortices 24 and brain stem nuclei, such as the inferior olive, 25 lateral reticular nucleus, 26 red nucleus, 27 and vestibular nuclei. 28 Based on the direct and indirect connections between the cerebellar nuclei and spinal neurons, the axonal degeneration secondary to spinal cord damage may explain why the NAGM volume of the cerebellar nuclei is reduced in NMOSD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Spinal neurons can directly connect to cerebellar nuclei, especially the interposed nucleus, via the spinocerebellar tracts and spinoreticulocerebellar tracts. 23 Moreover, the cerebellar nuclei also indirectly connect with spinal neurons via the cerebellar cortices 24 and brain stem nuclei, such as the inferior olive, 25 lateral reticular nucleus, 26 red nucleus, 27 and vestibular nuclei. 28 Based on the direct and indirect connections between the cerebellar nuclei and spinal neurons, the axonal degeneration secondary to spinal cord damage may explain why the NAGM volume of the cerebellar nuclei is reduced in NMOSD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We assessed whether the specific CNN classes that have been described for young animals in vitro [12,2327] could also be identified in vivo in adult animals. Since recordings in vitro are likely to show less variation in physiological properties compared to the in vivo situation [32], we expected to obtain additional information on the cellular properties of CNNs, allowing fine-tuning of local computational CN network models and scale computational modeling networks of the olivocerebellar system as a whole [4043]. Our recordings point towards several main interpretations that may further elucidate the underpinnings of cerebellar motor coordination [30, 3437].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this respect, they stand in marked contrast to those of cortical structures, where neurons can often be characterized well by both unique axonal and dendritic trees and related succinct physiological properties [3339]. Indeed, the cyto-architecture and related cell physiological properties of a neuron largely determine its specific computational capabilities [4047]. Thus to prepare a solid ground for realistic modeling of CNNs we set out to do a systematic and comprehensive survey examining all types of CNNs in vivo in P21-42 old mice using standardized and blind conditions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Plasticity between IOs and DCNs has been predicted to accelerate learning toward biological levels. 83 It will also be useful to extend modeling to other mechanisms typical of cerebellar diseases: irregular firing patterns of PCs have been recognized in animal models of dystonia 84 , and oscillations in the Inferior Olive have been demonstrated in case of Essential Tremor. 85 This more complex role of IOs will make it necessary to introduce dynamic properties in the IO circuit (e.g.…”
Section: Advances and Limitations Of The Present Studymentioning
confidence: 99%