Fast and reliable voltammetric determination of menaquinone (vitamin K2) produced in vitro by Bacillus subtilis cultures

Smajdor, Joanna; Porada, Radosław; Lipińska, Justyna; Więcek, Grażyna; Jedlińska, Katarzyna; Baś, Bogusław; Strus, Magdalena

doi:10.1007/s10800-023-01886-z

J Appl Electrochem

2023

DOI: 10.1007/s10800-023-01886-z

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Fast and reliable voltammetric determination of menaquinone (vitamin K2) produced in vitro by Bacillus subtilis cultures

Joanna Smajdor

Radosław Porada

Justyna Lipińska

et al.

Abstract: Vitamin K2 (VK2) is one of two natural forms of vitamin K, necessary for the proper functioning of organisms. Currently, it is sourced from chemical synthesis, nonetheless, it is worth reaching out to its natural sources. The aim of the study was to devise a voltammetric procedure for the determination of vitamin K2 (VK2) produced by bacteria in order to find the strain that exhibits the highest efficiency of VK2 production. Bacillus subtilis, isolated from traditional Japanese food (Nattō), was chosen as a mo… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Electrochemical determination of budesonide: a common corticosteroid used to treat respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 and asthma

Jedlińska,

Trojanowska,

Strus

et al. 2023

J Appl Electrochem

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The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the most important areas of the modern world. One of the challenges related to counteracting the effects of the pandemic it was necessary to develop methods for the quantitative determination of pharmaceuticals used in the treatment of patients suffering from this disease and its long-term effects. Budesonide (BUD) is a widely available and inexpensive corticosteroid used extensively not only among people suffering from COVID-19, but also asthma and other respiratory diseases. A significant increase in the consumption of drugs containing this component requires the development of new BUD determination methods, especially in real samples. This paper presents a new voltammetric method for BUD determination at renewable silver amalgam film electrode (Hg(Ag)FE). The electrochemical measurements were conduced in the supporting electrolyte containing 80% of methyl alcohol, 0.04 mol L−1 Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 3.0) and 20 mg mL−1 of NaClO4 under optimized differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) parameters. Detailed studies of the behaviour of the BUD on the surface of Hg(Ag)FE demonstrated the quasi-irreversible nature of the diffusion-controlled, two electrons and two protons reduction process. A calibration curve in the range from 1.0 to 290 µg mL−1 shows limit of detection and limit of quantification equal to 0.06 and 0.21 µg mL−1, respectively. The impact of numerous interferences over a wide range of concentrations on BUD signals was analysed and evaluated. The utility of the proposed method was verified by the quantitative analysis of BUD in two pharmaceutical products and the spiked water samples. Graphical abstract

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Electrochemical determination of budesonide: a common corticosteroid used to treat respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 and asthma

Jedlińska,

Trojanowska,

Strus

et al. 2023

J Appl Electrochem

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The impact of gut bacteria producing long chain homologs of vitamin K2 on colorectal carcinogenesis

Smajdor,

Jedlińska,

Porada

et al. 2023

Cancer Cell Int

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the foremost causes of cancer-related deaths. Lately, a close connection between the course of CRC and the intestinal microbiota has been revealed. Vitamin K2 (VK2) is a bacterially derived compound that plays a crucial role in the human body. Its significant anti-cancer properties may result, inter alia, from a quinone ring possessing a specific chemical structure found in many chemotherapeutics. VK2 can be supplied to our body exogenously, i.e., through dietary supplements or fermented food (e.g., yellow cheese, fermented soybeans -Natto), and endogenously, i.e., through the production of bacteria that constantly colonize the human microbiome of the large intestine.This paper focuses on endogenous K2 synthesized by the most active members of the human gut microbiome. This analysis tested 86 intestinally derived bacterial strains, among which the largest VK2 producers (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus) were selected. Moreover, based on the chosen VK2-MK4 homolog, the potential of VK2 penetration into Caco-2 cells in an aqueous environment without the coexistence of fats, pancreatic enzymes, or bile salts has been displayed. The influence of three VK2 homologs: VK2-MK4, VK2-MK7 and VK2-MK9 on apoptosis and necrosis of Caco-2 cells was tested proving the lack of their harmful effects on the tested cells. Moreover, the unique role of long-chain homologs (VK2-MK9 and VK2-MK7) in inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 (for Caco-2 tissue) and IL-6 and TNFα (for RAW 264.7) has been documented.

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Fast and reliable voltammetric determination of menaquinone (vitamin K2) produced in vitro by Bacillus subtilis cultures

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Electrochemical determination of budesonide: a common corticosteroid used to treat respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 and asthma

Electrochemical determination of budesonide: a common corticosteroid used to treat respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 and asthma

The impact of gut bacteria producing long chain homologs of vitamin K2 on colorectal carcinogenesis

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