Fast and Reliable Alternative to Encoder-Based Measurements of Multiple 2-DOF Rotary-Linear Transformable Objects Using a Network of Image Sensors with Application to Table Football

Abstract

Simultaneous determination of linear and angular positions of rotating objects is a challenging task for traditional sensor applications and a very limited set of solutions is available. The paper presents a novel approach of replacing a set of traditional linear and rotational sensors by a small set of image sensors. While the camera’s angle of view can be a limiting factor in the tracking of multiple objects, the presented approach allows for a network of image sensors to extend the covered area. Furthermore, rich image data allows for the application of different data processing algorithms to effectively and accurately determine the object’s position. The proposed solution thus provides a set of smart visual encoders emulated by an image sensor or a network of image sensors for more demanding spatially distributed tasks. As a proof of concept, we present the results of the experiment in the target application, where a 1.6 MP image sensor was used to obtain sub-degree angular resolution at 600 rpm and thus exceeding the design parameters and requirements. The solution allows for a compact, cost-effective, and robust integration into the final product.

Retracted: Fast Recognition Method of Football Robot’s Graphics From the VR Perspective

“…As a landmark discipline of artificial intelligence and robotics, robotics has attracted the attention of more and more researchers [1]. The medium-sized soccer robot is a complex multi-agent system that not only involves communication technology, machine vision, computer graphics, artificial intelligence and other fields, but also integrates robotics, electromechanics, sensors, intelligent control and other disciplines and technologies [2]. Among them, the target recognition ability in the soccer robot vision system is the basis for robot path planning, motion control and collaboration tasks [3].…”

Improving Incremental Encoder Measurement: Variable Acquisition Window and Quadrature Phase Compensation to Minimize Acquisition Errors

“…When using Brushless DC Motors (BLDC) [5] presented a solution that allows to determine the mechanical position using only the standard position sensors in which most BLDC motors are equipped. Based on image based sensor, [8] proposed a Fast and Reliable Alternative to Encoder-Based Measurements of Multiple 2-DOF Rotary-Linear Transformable Objects Using a Network of Image Sensors.…”

Simultaneous rotary and linear displacement sensor based on soft pneumatic sensing chambers

“…Rotary-linear movement is a type of multi-degree-of-freedom movement encountered in various applications, making its measurement crucial for developing closed-loop systems. Applications requiring the measurement of rotary and linear displacements include capping machines, pick-and-place tasks in production lines, needle insertion robots for biopsy procedures, laboratory processes such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for sample displacement, handheld football game controllers, and remote control systems 6 – 9 . Gao et al successfully measured rotary-linear movements using a surface encoder comprising a microstructured surface and a system for processing the light reflected from this surface 10 .…”

“…Image processing has also been employed to measure this movement, but it necessitates a high processing volume and space for installing the image sensors 6 . Anandan et al, as well as Kumar et al, managed to measure an axis's linear and rotational movements by measuring the capacity of 4 and 6 capacitors, respectively, and deriving its mathematical mode 7 , 12 .…”