Fast and “green” living cationic ring opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline in ionic liquids under microwave irradiation

Abstract

The living cationic ring opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline performed in an ionic liquid under microwave irradiation showed an enhanced polymerization rate in comparison to the reaction in common organic solvents; the ionic liquid was efficiently recovered and reused in new reaction cycles, completely avoiding the use of organic volatile compounds.

Fast Deprotection of Synthetic Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Using Standard Reagents under Microwave Irradiation

“…In an alternate analysis approach to the study of potential 2Ј-deoxycytidine deamination, 2Ј-deoxycytidinecontaining ODNs (10#5, 5#1, 5#6-5#14, Table 1) prepared by microwave-assisted deprotection were enzymatically hydrolyzed to mononucleosides by a combination of snake venom phosphodiesterase I (Crotalus adamanteus) (Williams et al, 1961;Bowman et al, 2001) and alkaline phosphatase (E. coli) (Reid and Wilson, 1971;McComb et al, 1979;Chandrasegaran et al, 1985;Marguet and Forterre, 2001;Gasan et al, 2002;Guerrero-Sanchez et al, 2006). Differential elution of the resultant mononucleosides by RP-HPLC was observed by UV-detection.…”

“…This contrasts with the fully labile N-protective strategy (dA PAC , dC ibu , dG PAC ) when using 1 M NaOH demonstrated by Kumar Gupta (1997, 1999a, 1999b or the use of dC Ac by Reddy et al (1994Reddy et al ( , 1995Reddy et al ( , 1997 making our procedure more attractive for library production. Interestingly, Guerrero-Sanchez et al (2006) have demonstrated the stability of CPG support material under more intense microwave irradiation (800 W).…”

Efficient Hydrolysis of Lignocellulose by Acidic Ionic Liquids under Low-Toxic Condition to Microorganisms

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that microwave heating accelerates hydrolysis of cellulose in 1.0 M acidic IL, 1-(1-butylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Sbmim][HSO4]; Figure 1) [22], because the combination of ILs and microwave is known to exert synergistic effects on several reactions [23][24][25]. In the literature, the glucose yield has increased from a few percent after 30 min to 40% after 12 min at 160 °C when using microwave irradiation.…”

Micellar dye shuttle between water and an ionic liquid

“…Recently the utilization of ionic liquids (ILs) as new solvents [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] for the preparation of self-assembled nanostructures (micelles) formed by amphiphilic block copolymers has triggered attractive new possibilities for the design of advanced and ''smart'' polymer based physico-chemical systems. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Interestingly, the thermoreversible transfer of block copolymer micelles and nanocarriers between a hydrophobic IL phase and an aqueous phase was recently demonstrated based on the decreased solubility of the hydrophilic block in aqueous solution with increasing temperature.…”