Fast and accurate synthesis of electronically reconfigurable annular ring monopole antennas using particle swarm optimisation and artificial bee colony algorithms

Abstract

The synthesis of a simple electronically reconfigurable annular ring monopole antenna using a designing optimisation process based on particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms is proposed. Several antenna dimensions are selected as objective functions of PSO and ABC and their best solutions are considered as the optimised dimensions of the antenna geometry. Two radio‐frequency p–i–n diodes, connecting the antenna feeding line to two microstrip stubs are used to change the antenna frequency response from ultra‐wideband (UWB), from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, to narrowband (NB) operation about 5.8 GHz. The antenna design and simulation are performed using Ansoft high‐frequency structure simulator software. PSO and ABC algorithms are written in Java language. Thereafter, antenna prototypes are fabricated and measured for validation purposes. Simulation and measurement results are obtained showing good agreement. The measured optimised impedance bandwidths of the UWB and NB bands are up to 128 and 23%, respectively. Additionally, simulated and measured radiation patterns are very similar when the reconfigurable antenna is operating in OFF‐state (UWB sensing antenna) and in ON‐state (NB transmitting antenna) modes, indicating the proposed antenna geometry as a promising candidate for applications such as UWB and cognitive radio.

New compact MIMO antenna for 5G, WiMAX and WLAN technologies with dual polarisation and element diversity

“…Moreover, a fundamental parameter in the diversity analysis of MIMO systems is the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), or ρ, which can be obtained through the antenna sparameters as the correlation coefficient module [25,26]. For a two-port network, the ECC parameter can be determined using Equation (7).…”

Beamsteering and Beamshaping Using a Linear Antenna Array Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

“…This work will focus on PSO as it allows global and local searches to be conducted simultaneously if the heuristic is set up in an appropriate manner. This is an advantage over GA. PSO is widely used to optimize antenna designs with respect to different performance metrics, e. g., reflection coefficient, cross-polarization or bandwidth [10]- [12].…”

Circularly Polarized Wideband-to-Narrowband Switchable Antenna

“…The antenna is able to switch between the modes by using five PIN diodes located in the feeding network. In [13], an annular ring monopole with a pair of stubs in the feeding line over a partial ground with a rectangular slit is presented. The proposed design is able to configure between the wideband mode and the narrowband mode by switching two PIN diodes integrated on the two stubs.…”