Fast analysis of nicotine related alkaloids in tobacco and cigarette smoke by megabore capillary gas chromatography

Cai, Jing; Liu, Baizhan; Lin, Peng; Su, Qingde

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2003.07.003

Cited by 88 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, methods for the analysis of nicotine in tobacco smoke and products may not be suitable for e-liquids and aerosols since several of the nicotine related compounds such as nicotine-N-oxide, are known to be thermally unstable at temperatures required for GC analysis. Some target compounds such as nornicotine can show severe issues with respect to carryover in the injector (7,8,10). Both of these issues have been solved by analysis of e-liquids and aerosols using HPLC with UV detection (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Nicotine and Nicotine-Related Compounds in Electronic Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Liu¹,

Joza²,

Rickert³

2017

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to develop and validate an analytical method for determining nicotine and nicotine related compounds (i.e., nicotine-N-oxide, cotinine, nornicotine, anatabine, myosmine, anabasine, and β-nicotyrine) in e-cigarette aerosols and e-liquids. Aerosol collection was achieved using a Cambridge collection pad. The sample preparation consisted of adding deuterated internal standards to the collection pad and extracting with 100 mM ammonium acetate solution using a wrist-action shaker. The filtrate was then analyzed by LC-MS/MS using a Gemini NX C 18 column (3 µm, 150 × 3 mm) with a mobile phase gradient system consisting of acetonitrile and 10% acetonitrile in 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate (pH = 8.0) and electrospray ionization (ESI) in the positive mode. The e-liquid was analyzed using the same instrumental parameters, but simplifying the sample preparation procedure by adding deuterated internal standards directly to the 100-mg sample. The sample was then extracted with 100 mM ammonium acetate solution, sonicated, and filtered. In this study, the method's accuracy, robustness, and reliability were enhanced by using deuterated analogues of each compound as internal standards and by applying two ion-transition pairs for each compound for the confirmation and quantification. Validation experiments demonstrated good sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. All the target compound calibrations exhibited satisfactory linearity from 0.050 to 5.0 mg/mL (r 2 > 0.995). The average recoveries for e-liquids varied from 85.2%(nicotine-N-oxide) to 110% (β-nicotyrine) with recoveries for all compounds exhibiting a coefficient of variation (CV) < 5.0%. Similarly, the average recoveries for e-cigarette aerosols varied from 87.8% (for nicotine-N-oxide) to 111% (for myosmine) with all CV < 8.8%. The LOD and LOQ for e-liquids for all target compounds ranged from 0.234 and 0.781 μg/g (cotinine) to 1.66 and 5.48 μg/g (nicotine-Noxide). For e-cigarette aerosols these limits ranged from 0.094 and 0.312 μg/collection (cotinine) to 0.872 and 2.87 μg/collection (nicotine-N-oxide). This methodology was used to quantitatively determine if any of the target compounds were present in a variety of sample matrices, including e-cigarette solutions and aerosols, and was successfully applied to stability studies, to monitor changes in the target compound levels which might be caused by e-cigarette formulations, components and the storage conditions. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 27 (2017)

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Nicotine and Nicotine-Related Compounds in Electronic Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Liu¹,

Joza²,

Rickert³

2017

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…10 In 1965, a study comparing packed and capillary column results for the analysis of various alkaloids was presented. 11 Cai et al 12 developed a novel fast megabore capillary gas chromatographic (MCGC) method for analysis of seven nicotine related alkaloids in tobacco and cigarette smoke. As a powerful analytical tool, high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has also been used for the determination of alkaloids in recent years.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Chemical Compositions in Tobacco of Different Origins and Maturities at Harvest by GC–MS and HPLC–PDA-QTOF-MS

Xia

Feng

et al. 2014

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco samples of a same cultivar grown in different plantations in China were evaluated for their chemical compositions at different maturities for the first time. This was accomplished by a comprehensive and reliable method using gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS) and high performance liquid chromatography−photodiode array-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS) to analyze the fat-soluble and polar components in 12 batches of tobacco samples of three origins and four maturities. The GC−MS analyses showed that tobacco samples harvested at 40 days after transplantation exhibited more fat-soluble components, while those harvested at 100 days after transplantation exhibited the least fat-soluble components. Tentatively, identification of the main components as well as quantitative analyses of eight reference compounds, including five alkaloids, two polyphenols, and a coumarin, was performed by the developed HPLC−QTOF-PDA method. Results showed significant differences among origins and maturities in the contents of these compounds. The nicotine contents showed great variety among the 12 tobacco samples. The highest nicotine content were found in a sample from Zhengzhou harvested at 40 days after transplantation (ZZ-T with 25399.39 ± 308.95 μg/g), and the lowest nicotine level was detected in a sample from Zunyi harvested at 60 days after transplantation (ZY-X with 1654.49 ± 34.52 μg/g). The highest level of rutin was found in a Jiangchuan sample harvested at 60 days after transplantation (JC-X with 725.93 ± 40.70 μg/g), and the lowest rutin content was detected in a Zunyi tobacco sample harvested at 60 days after transplantation (ZY-X with 87.42 ± 2.78 μg/g). The developed method provided a convenient approach which might be applied for rapid maturity evaluation and tobacco flavor identification and also holds the potential for analysis of compounds present in other plants.

show abstract

“…Thus, data on levels of total alkaloids and individual components are important parameters in evaluating tobacco products for potential biochemical activity and suitability for cigarette production. NC alkaloids in tobacco samples, vegetables or body fluids have been analyzed by GC with MS [2][3][4], GC with flame ionization detector [5], GC with nitrogen-phosphorus detection [6], HPLC [7,8] and CE with various separation modes [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantioseparation of nicotine alkaloids in cigarettes by CE using sulfated β‐CD as a chiral selector and a capillary coated with amino groups

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nicotine (NC) and its related compounds (cotinine (CN), nornicotine (NN), anatabine (AT) and anabasine (AB)) were simultaneously enantioseparated by CE using a capillary with amino groups and sulfated beta-CD as a chiral selector. The optimum running conditions were found to be 30 mM acetate buffer (pH 5.0) containing 8% sulfated beta-CD with an applied voltage of +15 kV at 30 degrees C using direct detection at 260 nm. Using a capillary coated with amino groups, the EOF migrates toward the positive pole. However, when sulfated beta-CD was added to the BGE, it was found that the EOF migrated toward the negative pole due to ionic adsorption of sulfated beta-CD to amino groups on the capillary inner wall. All the cationic analytes migrated as anions, suggesting that they formed stable anionic complexes with sulfated beta-CD. With this system and a simple pretreatment with mini-cartridges, NC alkaloids in five cigarette samples were enantioseparated. As a result, each of the compounds except for CN was detected. In the case of NC, only (S)-NC was detected (more than 99.9%), but in the case of NN, AT and AB, the ratios of (S)-isomer to total isomers were in the ranges 58-70, 81-85 and 59-65%, respectively. On the other hand, only NC was detected in cigarette smoke and the ratio of (S)- and (R)-NCs was 96:4. The amounts of NC alkaloids in cigarettes suggest that the production of (R)-NC resulted from racemization due to the high temperature/burning of the cigarette.

show abstract

Fast analysis of nicotine related alkaloids in tobacco and cigarette smoke by megabore capillary gas chromatography

Cited by 88 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of Nicotine and Nicotine-Related Compounds in Electronic Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Analysis of Nicotine and Nicotine-Related Compounds in Electronic Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Investigation of the Chemical Compositions in Tobacco of Different Origins and Maturities at Harvest by GC–MS and HPLC–PDA-QTOF-MS

Enantioseparation of nicotine alkaloids in cigarettes by CE using sulfated β‐CD as a chiral selector and a capillary coated with amino groups

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About