Fast adsorption of p -nitrophenol from aqueous solution using β -cyclodextrin grafted silica gel

Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of p-nitrophenol by pine sawdust biochar samples produced at different pyrolysis temperatures

“…All adsorption experiments were performed in duplicate in 200 mL conical flasks at 35 °C while shaking at a speed of 135 rpm for 4 h. The solid-liquid concentration of the p-nitrophenol solution (20 mL, 100 mg/L) and biochar was made to vary from 1 to 9 g/L, in order to examine the influence that biochar dosage had on p-nitrophenol adsorption. To evaluate the effect of pH (3-11) on p-nitrophenol adsorption by biochar, through experiments whereby 0.1 g biochar samples were added into 20 mL p-nitrophenol solutions in 200 mL conical flasks, the pH of the 100 mg/L p-nitrophenol solution was adjusted to 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, or 11 using 0.1 mol/L NaOH or 0.1 mol/L HCl aqueous solutions. Moreover, to evaluate the influence of ionic strength on p-nitrophenol adsorption by biochar, the NaCl concentration in the 100 mg/L p-nitrophenol solution at pH 6 was made to range from 0 to 0.8 mol/L.…”

Design, synthesis and characterization of MOF-199 and ZIF-8: Applications in the adsorption of phenols derivatives in aqueous solution

“…This effect is caused by a combination of factors including indiscriminately disposing into rivers, lakes and water highly dangerous pollutants that alter the balance of ecosystems. Among the many pollutants we mention the two, with which this research will deal with: phenol and p-nitro phenol [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, artificial resins, explosives, and other valuable fine chemicals) [1][2][3][4][5][6]13], and many industries and particularly in developing countries, do not perform proper treatment prior to disposal, but the "remove" without treatment and are thrown to the water which may subsequently come in contact with living beings causing serious problems to the environment and health.…”

“…Phenolic compounds are highly toxic compounds and once discarded without pretreatment, intermediate reactions that produce other by-products which are not bio-degradable naturally, such as particularly the phenol and p-nitrophenol [1,[14][15][16][17][18][19], which cause methemoglobin formation, anemia, liver and kidney damage, eye and skin irritation, tumor formation, cancer, and systemic poisoning [20][21][22][23][24]. As a result, both phenol and p-nitrophenol has been categorized as one of the 126 priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…Among them it is worth mentioning cases reported in the literature such as adsorption [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]26], oxidation [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], membrane separation [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and extraction [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Among these technologies, adsorption is recognized as the most applicable one for single-design, easy-operation, and highefficiency [18,[25][26][27] and in the adsorption process, activated carbon is popularly employed as adsorbent for its large specific surface area and high adsorption capacity [1,3,4,8,17,28]. Even though activated carbon material is considered one of the best materials to solve environmental pollution problems, it ...…”