Fascinating MXene nanomaterials: emerging opportunities in the biomedical field

Lin, Xiangping; Li, Zhongjun; Qiu, Jinmei; Wang, Qi; Wang, Jianxin; Zhang, Han; Chen, Tongkai

doi:10.1039/d1bm00526j

Cited by 65 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…224 As the surface multifunctional strategies for MXenes in the biomedical fields are still in their early stages, the biocompatibility and long-term biosafety of MXene-based bioelectronics remains to be fully explored. 225,226 For instance, the in vivo metabolic pathways of MXenes are still unknown, and long-term internal circulation may accumulate in or even damage normal tissues. In addition, it is necessary to further assess the chemical stability of MXenes, which are less stable in storage and subsequent use, and tend to degrade when exposed to humidity or high temperatures.…”

Section: Mxene Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that the cytotoxicity of MXene may be dependent on the size, preparation process, functional group, oxidative state, dose, and exposure time 224 . As the surface multifunctional strategies for MXenes in the biomedical fields are still in their early stages, the biocompatibility and long‐term biosafety of MXene‐based bioelectronics remains to be fully explored 225,226 . For instance, the in vivo metabolic pathways of MXenes are still unknown, and long‐term internal circulation may accumulate in or even damage normal tissues.…”

Section: Structures Properties and Perspectives Of Emerging 2d Materi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structures, properties, and challenges of emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics and biosensors

Chen

Tang

et al. 2022

InfoMat

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Bioelectronics are powerful tools for monitoring and stimulating biological and biochemical processes, with applications ranging from neural interface simulation to biosensing. The increasing demand for bioelectronics has greatly promoted the development of new nanomaterials as detection platforms. Recently, owing to their ultrathin structures and excellent physicochemical properties, emerging two‐dimensional (2D) materials have become one of the most researched areas in the fields of bioelectronics and biosensors. In this timely review, the physicochemical structures of the most representative emerging 2D materials and the design of their nanostructures for engineering high‐performance bioelectronic and biosensing devices are presented. We focus on the structural optimization of emerging 2D material‐based composites to achieve better regulation for enhancing the performance of bioelectronics. Subsequently, the recent developments of emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics, such as neural interface simulation, biomolecular/biomarker detection, and skin sensors are discussed thoroughly. Finally, we provide conclusive views on the current challenges and future perspectives on utilizing emerging 2D materials and their composites for bioelectronics and biosensors. This review will offer important guidance in designing and applying emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics, thus further promoting their prospects in a wide biomedical field.

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Section: Mxene Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structures Properties and Perspectives Of Emerging 2d Materi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures, properties, and challenges of emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics and biosensors

Chen

Tang

et al. 2022

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“…To the best of our knowledge, few nanogel systems compose of 2D materials except graphene, ,, which also need further investigations. There might be some reasons as follows: (1) The research of most 2D materials as biomaterials is in the infancy. ,, The properties (biosafety, stability toxicity) of 2D materials need to be further studied . (2) Size and structure hindrance.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Design of Intelligent-Responsive Nanogel Carriers for Cancer Therapy

Wang

Gao

Fan

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Owing to the distinctive constituents of tumor tissue from those healthy organs, nanomedicine strategies show significant potentials in smart drug delivery. Nowadays, stimuli-responsive nanogels are playing increasingly important roles in the application of cancer therapy because of their sensitivity to various internal or external physicochemical stimuli, which exhibit site-specific and markedly enhanced drug release. Besides, nanogels are promising as drug carriers because of their porous structures, good biocompatibility, large surface area, and excellent capability with drugs. Taking advantage of multiresponsiveness, recent years have witnessed the rapid evolution of stimulus-responsive nanogels from monoresponsive to multiresponsive systems; however, there lacks a comprehensive review summarizing these reports. In this Review, we discuss the properties, synthesis, and characterization of nanogels. Moreover, tumor microenvironment and corresponding designing strategies for stimuli-response nanogels, both exogenous (temperature, magnetic field, light) and endogenous (pH, biomolecular, redox, ROS, pressure, hypoxia) are summarized on the basis of the recent advances in multistimuli-responsive nanogel systems. Nanogel and two-dimensional material composites show excellent performance in the field of constructing multistimulus-responsive nanoparticles and precise intelligent drug release integrated system for multimodal cancer diagnosis and therapy. Finally, potential progresses and suggestions are provided for the further design of hybrid nanogels based on emerging two-dimensional materials.

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“…MXenes, a new class of multifunctional 2D ultrathin nano materials, have been used for several biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility, antimicrobial property, and efficient NIR absorption. [18][19][20] In particular, niobium carbide (Nb 2 C) MXene nanosheets (NSs) exhibit good photothermal conversion and desirable photothermal stability. [21,22] Studies have demonstrated that Nb 2 C NSs intrinsically exhibit enzyme/ H 2 O 2 responsive biodegradability and can efficiently induce photothermal tumor ablation after NIR laser irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored Hydrogel Delivering Niobium Carbide Boosts ROS‐Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities for Diabetic Wound Healing

Chen

Liu

Cheng

et al. 2022

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cause of nontraumatic limb amputations, threatening patient health and quality of life. [1,2] Wound healing is a fascinatingly complex biological process. Traditionally, it is divided into four overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. [3,4] Compared with the healing of other wounds, the healing of diabetic wounds gets stalled in the inflam matory phase, which is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), proinflammatory cytokines and proteases. [5,6] Excessive ROS produc tion cause irreversible oxidative damage to biomacromolecules (such as lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins) and the cells within the wound (such as endothelial cells, keratino cytes, and fibroblasts). This inhibits angiogenesis, granulation tissue forma tion, and wound healing. [7,8] The endo genous antioxidant system is inadequate to remove excessive ROS, and the use of exogenous antioxidants is recommended to prevent oxidative stress damage. With the rapid advancements in nanomedicine, numerous antioxidative nanomaterialsincluding melanin nanoparticles (NPs), metalbased nanomaterials (Au, Ag, Pt NPs), metal oxidebased nanomaterials (CeO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 , TiO 2 , alumina, SiO 2 ), [9,10] and quantum dots-are being used in wound dressing systems to scavenge excess ROS. [11] In addition to oxidative damage, bacterial infections also hinder diabetic wound healing. [12,13] Diabetic wounds are more prone to bacterial infection owing to impaired immune responses, and bacterial infections cause increased ROS pro duction and worsen the inflammatory response in wounds. [14,15] Bacteria easily acquire multidrug resistance owing to antibi otic misuse. Therefore, among various available antimicrobial therapies, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been attracting widespread attention. [16] In PTT, nearinfrared (NIR) laser irra diation is used to induce a local increase in temperature, which can damage bacterial cell membranes and denature bacterial proteins, thus causing bactericidal effects. [16,17] So far, a variety of nanomaterialbased photothermal agents have been incorpo rated into wound dressings to treat bacteriainfected wounds. [17] However, monotherapy with PTT may lead to additional local ROS production, thus delaying wound healing. Therefore, anThe treatment of diabetic wounds remains challenging due to the excess levels of oxidative stress, vulnerability to bacterial infection, and persistent inflammation response during healing. The development of hydrogel wound dressings with ideal anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-infective properties is an urgent clinical requirement. In the present study, an injectable thermosensitive niobium carbide (Nb 2 C)-based hydrogel (Nb 2 C@Gel) with antioxidative and antimicrobial activity is developed to promote diabetic wound healing. The Nb 2 C@Gel system is composed of Nb 2 C and a PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymer. The fabricated Nb 2 C nanosheets (NSs) show good biocompatibility during in vitro cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility assays and in vivo t...

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Fascinating MXene nanomaterials: emerging opportunities in the biomedical field

Abstract: In recent years, there has been rapid progress in MXene research due to its distinctive two-dimensional structure and outstanding properties. Especially in biomedical applications, MXenes have attracted widespread favor with...

Cited by 65 publications

References 194 publications

Structures, properties, and challenges of emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics and biosensors

Structures, properties, and challenges of emerging 2D materials in bioelectronics and biosensors

Strategic Design of Intelligent-Responsive Nanogel Carriers for Cancer Therapy

Tailored Hydrogel Delivering Niobium Carbide Boosts ROS‐Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities for Diabetic Wound Healing

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