FASA: Accelerated S-ALOHA Using Access History for Event-Driven M2M Communications

Wu, Huasen; Zhu, Chenxi; La, Richard J.; Liu, Xin; Zhang, Youguang

doi:10.1109/tnet.2013.2241076

Cited by 137 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A well-known protocol for uncoordinated access is Slotted ALOHA. An enhanced version of this protocol, called Fast Adaptive Slotted Aloha (FASA), is proposed in [46]: taking into account the burstiness of M2M traffic, the knowledge of the idle, successful, or collided state of the previous slots is exploited in order to improve the performance of the access control protocol. In particular, the number of consecutive idle or collision slots is used to estimate the number of active MTDs in the network (the socalled "network status"), enabling a fast update of the transmission probability of the MTDs and, hence, reducing access delays.…”

Section: Schemes Based On Slotted Alohamentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenges of M2M massive access in wireless cellular networks

Biral

Centenaro

Zanella

et al. 2015

Digital Communications and Networks

233

141

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The next generation of communication systems, which is commonly referred to as 5G, is expected to support, besides the traditional voice and data services, new communication paradigms, such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) services, which involve communication between Machine-Type Devices (MTDs) in a fully automated fashion, thus, without or with minimal human intervention. Although the general requirements of 5G systems are progressively taking shape, the technological issues raised by such a vision are still partially unclear. Nonetheless, general consensus has been reached upon some specific challenges, such as the need for 5G wireless access networks to support massive access by MTDs, as a consequence of the proliferation of M2M services. In this paper, we describe the main challenges raised by the M2M vision, focusing in particular on the problems related to the support of massive MTD access in current cellular communication systems. Then we analyze the most common approaches proposed in the literature to enable the coexistence of conventional and M2M services in the current and next generation of cellular wireless systems. We finally conclude by pointing out the research challenges that require further investigation in order to provide full support to the M2M paradigm.

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Section: Schemes Based On Slotted Alohamentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenges of M2M massive access in wireless cellular networks

Biral

Centenaro

Zanella

et al. 2015

Digital Communications and Networks

233

141

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“…Due to the effectiveness to tackle collisions in wireless networks, Aloha-based protocols have been applied extensively to various networked systems ranging from the traditional satellite networks [12], wireless LANs [24] to the emerging Machine-toMachine (M2M) communications [27]. Specifically, in radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, FSA plays a fundamental role in the identifications of tags [28], [29] and is standardized in EPCGlobal Class-1 Generation-2 (C1G2) RFID standard [4].…”

Section: A Context and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Analysis of Frame Slotted Aloha Protocol

2017

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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Frame Slotted Aloha (FSA) protocol has been widely applied in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems as the de facto standard in tag identification. However, very limited work has been done on the stability of FSA despite its fundamental importance both on the theoretical characterisation of FSA performance and its effective operation in practical systems. In order to bridge this gap, we devote this paper to investigating the stability properties of FSA by focusing on two physical layer models of practical importance, the models with single packet reception and multipacket reception capabilities. Technically, we model the FSA system backlog as a Markov chain with its states being backlog size at the beginning of each frame. The objective is to analyze the ergodicity of the Markov chain and demonstrate its properties in different regions, particularly the instability region. By employing drift analysis, we obtain the closed-form conditions for the stability of FSA and show that the stability region is maximised when the frame length equals the backlog size in the single packet reception model and when the ratio of the backlog size to frame length equals in order of magnitude the maximum multipacket reception capacity in the multipacket reception model. Furthermore, to characterise system behavior in the instability region, we mathematically demonstrate the existence of transience of the backlog Markov chain.

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“…In addition, because the RACH is not a heavily loaded channel, s-ALOHA (being a simple protocol) is a perfect and adequate scheme for conventional H2H communications. However, as pointed out in [11], [12], supporting M2M traffic (in addition to the existing H2H traffic) will increase RACH access contention significantly. This effect will render the s -ALOHA scheme inefficient and lead to overload, affecting the RACH access performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent RACH Access Techniques to Support M2M Traffic in Cellular Networks

Bello

Mitchell

Grace

2018

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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ReuseItems deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Index Terms-M achine-to-machine, medium access control, cellular networks, Q-learning, ALOHA, RACH.I. INTRODUCTION ecent technological developments are changing the perception of wireless communication from the traditional human-centric view towards human independent communications. This is due to the increase in the number of devices that require connection to wireless networks. It has been argued in [1] that there are more electrical/electronic or mechanical objects in the world than people. It is estimated in [2], [3] that by 2020, up to 50 billion devices will require access to a communication network for industrial and domestic applications. This number is significant compared to the estimated human population of 8.3 billion. With this large difference in the ratio of the number of machines to humans, it will be difficult for such devices to be directly controlled by humans, and hence there is a need for them to communicate amongst themselves, with or without human intervention. This can be achieved through what is commonly referred to as Copyright (c) M2M communication will enable interaction between various devices with or without human intervention. M2M devices may be sensors, actuators, embedded processors, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, smart meters, etc., [7]. The devices may be connected using wired or wireless access networks. Although wired networks are considered to be reliable and secure, they are very expensive to roll out and are not very flexible. As a result, many standards are not considering wired networks as an option for M2M communication. On the other hand, a wireless network is capable of providing excellent coverage, flexibility, mobility , and roaming capability. Hence, wireless access networks, which may be short range or long range (e.g. cellular), are considered as the most suitable option to deploy M2M communication [6].To realise cellular M2M communication, different wireless communication standardisation bodies , including 3GPP, are actively involved in research to provide global standards. Initial access to a cellular network is through the random access channel (RACH) which has a limited capacity. One of the majo r challenges identified by 3GPP in supporting M2M communication is the potential for RACH overload, due to the significant increase in traffic load that will arise from large numbers of M2M devices....

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FASA: Accelerated S-ALOHA Using Access History for Event-Driven M2M Communications

Cited by 137 publications

References 24 publications

The challenges of M2M massive access in wireless cellular networks

The challenges of M2M massive access in wireless cellular networks

Stability Analysis of Frame Slotted Aloha Protocol

Intelligent RACH Access Techniques to Support M2M Traffic in Cellular Networks

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