Farmers’ Perceptions of Rice Production Constraints and Stem Borers Management Practices in Tanzania

January, Bonaventure; Rwegasira, G. M.; Tefera, Tadele

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n6p57

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…However, lack of awareness on and/or unavailability of other control measures are the likely reason for the sole reliance by farmers on synthetic insecticides. Similar results have been reported in many developing countries where growing dependence on synthetic insecticides/non-IPM for the control of crop pests is alarming (Khan et al, 2015;Kumela et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018, Ochilo et al, 2018Bonaventure et al, 2018). Farmer's reliance on intensive pesticide application was also common for other crops such as cotton, mango, maize, tomato, eggplants, and cabbages and other vegetables in various countries (Munyuli, 2016;Akotsen-Mensah et al, 2017, Rumbidzai et al, 2017Kumela et al, 2018).…”

Section: Insectsupporting

confidence: 68%

Farmers Status, Knowledge & Management Practices on Major Chickpea Insect Pests in Some Selected Zones of Ethiopia

Fite¹,

Tefera²,

Negeri³

et al. 2018

JAS

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Survey were undertaken in five zones of Oromiya and Amhara regional states, Ethiopia from February to March 2018 to investigate farmers’ status, knowledge, major chickpea production constraints and insect pest management practices of chickpea. The survey involved 293 randomly taken farmers, who are interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Chickpea insect pests were considered as the main, among production constraints of chickpea by most of the interviewed farmers in Ethiopia. The majority of the farmers’ responded that Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the most prevalent insect pests of chickpea under field condition and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in storage. Development Agents (DAs) were the top pest advisory service providers in the current study. A conventional insecticide (namely; Lambda-cyhalotrin and Dimethoate) for the control of H. armigera was the most commonly used pest management methods. Moreover, Two times insecticide applications per cropping season were the most frequent, deployed by most of the interviewed farmers followed by cultural pest management practices. Use of biological control and resistant chickpea varieties against major insect pests were low to negligible in the current survey study in the area. The majority of the farmers began control decision when H. armigera larval stages were smaller and they did not consider larval number per chickpea plant for the decision. These results will be used to formulate future effective and sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) in chickpea for Ethiopian farmers emphasizing ecologically and economically-based approaches.

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Section: Insectsupporting

confidence: 68%

Farmers Status, Knowledge & Management Practices on Major Chickpea Insect Pests in Some Selected Zones of Ethiopia

Fite¹,

Tefera²,

Negeri³

et al. 2018

JAS

Self Cite

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“…Despite the high demand for rice in Tanzania, yield remains low in the range of 1-1.79 tonnes/ha as compared to potential yield of 6-10 tonnes/ha due to several production constraints (MAFSC, 2009;FAO, 2015). Of all the production constraints of rice, one major reason for the low yield in Tanzania is the damage by stem borers (January, Rwegasira, & Tefera, 2018a), but there is limited information on damage symptoms, its biology including life cycle which limits on insect pest monitoring and timely planning for appropriate management practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice stem borer species in Tanzania: a review

January

Rwegasira

Tefera³

2020

JoBAZ

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Rice is an important cereal crop and is cultivated virtually in all agro-ecological zones in Tanzania. However, production capacity is far below the national requirement. One of the major reasons for the low yields of rice in Tanzania is damage by insect pests, particularly rice stem borers. Four rice stem borer species reported to infest rice crop in Tanzania includes the white stem borer, Maliarpha seperatella Ragonot, African pink borer, Sesamia calamistis Hamson, spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe and stalk-eyed fly, Diopsis thoracica Westwood. Inappropriately, the potential for proper management of these stem borers to enhance yield has not been fully realized due to limited information available for the respective stem borer species. Proper management of rice stem borers, therefore, is a prerequisite for enhanced and sustainable rice production among smallholder farmers that epitomize the rice production industry in Tanzania. In this review, rice stem borers were reviewed with emphasis on occurrence and distribution, nature of damage, biology and life cycle, host plant and management options.

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“…It has been reported that there is shortage of improved seed varieties which are tolerant to drought, cold weather, insects, pests and diseases (Duku et al, 2016;January et al, 2018).…”

Section: Lack Of Improved Seed Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of irrigation water quality, associated soils characteristics and on-farm practices on paddy yields

Mpanda

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In this study, the impacts of irrigation water quality, soil characteristics and on-farm practices on paddy yields were investigated. Standard spectroscopy and spectrometry methods were used to analyze irrigation water and irrigated soil samples. The irrigation water had sodium adsorption (SAR) values ranging from 0 to 3. The corresponding electrical conductivity (EC) values were between 0.2 and 0.7 dS/m and accounted for 14% of all samples hence posing slight to moderate infiltration problem. Neither sodium nor chloride levels were high enough to cause toxicity problems in the irrigation water. For boron, 54% of the samples was found to have moderate toxicity whereas ~14% of the samples indicated severe boron toxicity in the irrigation water. For bicarbonate, about 86 and 14% of the irrigation water indicated slight-to moderate and severe potential detrimental effect to plant growth, respectively. The trace elements Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, B, As, Cd, Cr2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, and Al3+ in the irrigation water samples were too low to cause any harmful effect. Although soil EC (0.2 to 1.9dS/m), organic carbon (OC) (0.1 to 2.4%) and pH (6.0 to 8.5) indicated favorable levels, there were significant variations in soil Fe (2.6 to 169.5 mg/kg) and Zn (3.9 to 204.1 mg/kg). The mean value of Fe in soils was 19.8 mg/kg. Soils indicated signs of Fe-deficiency. High variabilities were also found in the total N (86 to 2155 mg/kg) content of the studied paddy soils. The levels of phosphorus (Olson P, mean 224.2 ± 149.4 mg/kg) were found to be too high compared to what is reported as normal in similar studies. There might be unsustainable and excessive application of P-containing inputs in the studied area. Furthermore, a low soil K content was observed in the analyzed soil samples. The present study recommends that regular control of irrigation water HCO3 - , EC and controlling soil pH levels as well as adoption of standard on-farm practices following of crop calendar, proper application of fertilizers. Availability of extension officers to advice farmers is highly recommended.

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Farmers’ Perceptions of Rice Production Constraints and Stem Borers Management Practices in Tanzania

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Farmers Status, Knowledge & Management Practices on Major Chickpea Insect Pests in Some Selected Zones of Ethiopia

Farmers Status, Knowledge & Management Practices on Major Chickpea Insect Pests in Some Selected Zones of Ethiopia

Rice stem borer species in Tanzania: a review

Impacts of irrigation water quality, associated soils characteristics and on-farm practices on paddy yields

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