Farmer and formal breeding of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and the implications for integrated plant breeding

Mekbib, Firew

doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9191-7

Cited by 56 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Farmer participation in the breeding of crop varieties for low-resource farmers is regarded by some as necessary to help ensure acceptance and eventual adoption (Franzel et al, 1995;Gyawali et al, 2007;Maurya et al, 1988;Mekbib, 2006;Prain et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer participatory varietal selection in pearl millet: Experience across some states of Northern Nigeria

Angarawai¹,

Bukar²,

Olabanji³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Farmers participation in the process of on-farm research does not only enrich the speed up of information gathering, but also result in large scale adoption of the product of research. A small farmer deals with a variable environment and has multiple production objectives that will affect his or her choice of crops and selection of genotypes. In areas where farmers are unfamiliar with available improved varieties, there is need of conducting effective variety evaluations with farmers. The usefulness of the participatory approach for identifying cultivars for harsh environments, which are difficult to replicate in research stations, has been recognized by the crop breeders. Participatory plant breeding/selection has shown success in identifying more number of preferred varieties by farmers in shorter time (than the conventional system), in accelerating their dissemination and increasing cultivar diversity. This paper describes how plant breeders and farmers worked together to test and selected farmers preferred pearl millet varieties; PE05684 and PE05532 from a diverse pearl millet accessions in a participatory varietal selection program conducted across some states of Northern Nigeria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer participatory varietal selection in pearl millet: Experience across some states of Northern Nigeria

Angarawai¹,

Bukar²,

Olabanji³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Fertilizer (both natural and commercial) has only applied to 2.4% of the total area cultivated with sorghum (CSA, 2014). The overall increase in productivity could therefore be related to the genetic potential of farmers selected varieties (Mekbib, 2006) and use of improved management practices including row spacing and tied ridge to conserve moisture.…”

Section: Importance Of Sorghum In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ethiopian farmers have traditionally made selections of landrace genotypes adapted to particular environmental niches and management practices such as intercropping (Georgis et al, 1990) with end use quality traits such as larger grain size and different colors for various end uses in addition to traits related to increased plant biomass (Mekbib, 2006). Collection and conservation of the diverse sorghum landraces has been undertaken since 1970s and to date more than 10,000 sorghum collections are maintained in the EIB (Ethiopian Institute of Biodiversity) and the national sorghum improvement program (Kimber et al, 2013;Tanto and Abdi, unpublished).…”

Section: Sorghum Breeding In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the limited farmers participation in the varietal development (McGuire, 2008) the improved varieties lack farmer preferred traits, primarily plant height and grain size, in the improved varieties found to be the major factor (Beyene, 2012;Mekbib, 2006;Wubeneh and Sanders, 2006 (Adugna, 2007, Mekbib, 2006. In contrast, all the varieties released for the highland environment to-date have been pure lines selected from the highland landrace collections; however, these released improved varieties only have limited yield advantage compared to the farmers' selected varieties or landraces which is one of the factors attributed to their lower adoption rate by farmers (Mekbib, 2006). Although the long maturing locally adapted sorghum genotypes are photoperiod sensitive, because of the short day length it is not the trait under selection in the breeding program.…”

Section: Sorghum Breeding In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ethiopian farmers traditionally preferred to grow the tall and late maturing types of sorghum landraces to fulfil the biomass requirements. The multiple traits demands of farmers have not been met by the short stature and early maturing types of improved sorghum varieties released for production in Ethiopia (Mekbib, 2006;Wubeneh and Sanders, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic differentiation, heterotic performance and grain yield determinate traits of locally adapted sorghum genotypes in contrasting environments in Ethiopia

Mindaye¹

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The increase superiority in characteristics such as size, growth rate, fertility, yield and general fitness of hybrids produced by crossing genetically diverse inbred parents is well established in many plant and animal species. This phenomenon has been exploited to produce commercial cultivars in a range of crop species including sorghum.In sorghum F1 hybrid seed is produced by crossing genetically distinct restorer (R lines) and cytoplasmic male sterile seed parent (A lines). In the developed world commercial cultivars are almost exclusively F1 hybrids and are increasingly being used in the developing countries. In spite of the yield advantage in some circumstances, however, hybrids developed using introduced parental lines have not been adopted by Ethiopian farmers primarily because of the extra cost of purchasing seed has not been outweighed by the benefits of introduced hybrids in particular the lack of farmer preferred traits such as tall stature and larger grain size. The development of hybrids using locally adapted genotypes could have the potential to overcome the shortcomings of introduced hybrids. However, the complex cytoplasmic male sterility system and prevalence of restorer genes complicate the development of new Additionally, the hybrids derived from these locally adapted genotypes will have the benefit of containing farmers preferred traits. The groups most divergent from the introduced A/B lines were the Ethiopian landraces adapted to highland and intermediate agro-ecologies and a subset of lowland adapted genotypes. These genotype groups were also grouped distinctly from the introduced R lines, and hence provide highly divergent parental lines for hybrid development in Ethiopia.The performance and magnitude of heterosis of 139 F1 hybrids, derived from introduced seed parents crossed with selected locally adapted genotypes and introduced R lines, were evaluated in three contrasting environments. The lowland adapted hybrids displayed a mean better parent heterosis (BPH)iii of 19% and a 29% increase in grain yield, on average, in comparison to the hybrids derived from the introduced R lines. In addition, these hybrids were also found to be superior in plant height and grain weight. The mean BPH for grain yield for the highland adapted hybrids was 16% in the highland and 52 % in the intermediate, in addition to increased grain weight. The magnitude of heterosis between the three hybrid groups reflected the genetic distance between the genotype groups with the A/B lines.These results highlight the potential of locally adapted genotypes for the exploitation of heterosis in Ethiopia.In order to understand the genetic basis of increased hybrid performance, the relationship between yield component traits was assessed and the genetic variance for each subset of hybrid group was partitioned into parental lines and their interaction effects. In the lowland environment, increase in grain number and grain weight contributed to increased yield of the lowland adapted hybrids in comparison to the intro...

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Recent Approaches in Breeding for Salt Tolerance in Rice in Bangladesh

Akhlasur Rahman,

Khatun,

Hossain

et al. 2024

Genetic Improvement of Rice for Salt Tolerance

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Farmer and formal breeding of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and the implications for integrated plant breeding

Cited by 56 publications

References 9 publications

Farmer participatory varietal selection in pearl millet: Experience across some states of Northern Nigeria

Farmer participatory varietal selection in pearl millet: Experience across some states of Northern Nigeria

Genetic differentiation, heterotic performance and grain yield determinate traits of locally adapted sorghum genotypes in contrasting environments in Ethiopia

Recent Approaches in Breeding for Salt Tolerance in Rice in Bangladesh

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