Farmacogenética Do Tratamento De Diabete Melito

Abstract

RESUMO: Diabete melito é uma doença metabólica caracterizada pela deficiência ou resistência de insulina que leva a complicações micro e macrovasculares graves. Fatores genéticos e ambientais contribuem para a etiologia complexa das principais formas de diabete. Os avanços recentes na genética molecular contribuíram para a identificação de vários locos e genes que são relacionados aos subtipos de diabete clinicamente reconhecidos. Este conhecimento tornou-se muito importante para o reconhecimento de pacientes diabéticos com resposta diferencial a fármacos hipoglicemiantes específicos. Neste estudo serão revisados os aspectos moleculares das formas monogênicas e poligênicas da diabete assim como a abordagem farmacogenética dos agentes terapêuticos mais comuns.

Identification of trends in scientific publications related to genetic polymorphisms in gestational diabetes mellitus

“…TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms were also strongly associated with GDM in a recent systematic review published by Zhang et al (2013). The glucokinase (GCK) gene, reported in 16 articles (28%), is responsible for glucose metabolism, with mutations resulting in an impairment of glucose metabolism in beta cells, in turn down-regulating the expression of insulin and hepatic metabolism of glucose (Hirata and Hirata, 2006). A recent study in Scandinavian women showed that a polymorphism in the rs1799884 locus of GCK was associated with GDM (Shaat et al, 2006).…”

“…Various microand macrovascular alterations are among the long-term complications of DM (ADA, 2012). Recent studies have attempted to elucidate the genetic basis of this disorder; in most cases, DM is believed to be multifactorial, caused by both genetic and environmental factors (Hirata and Hirata, 2006). Changing eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, combined with genetic determinants, play important roles in the pathogenesis of this disease (Bougnères, 2002;Veloso, 2005).…”