Farm data analysis for lifetime performance components of sows and their predictors in breeding herds

Koketsu, Yuzo; Iida, Ryosuke

doi:10.1186/s40813-020-00163-1

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The reasons for this could be that large herds have more advanced facilities than small-tomid herds, such as well-designed farrowing crates and milk replacer feeders [12,21]. Also, large herds are likely to have more human resources and a high level of genetic improvement than small-to-mid herds [15]. In addition, our results indicate that PWM is not likely to increase to 20% or higher even if PBA increases to 15 or more pigs, regardless of herd group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 10-year trend in piglet pre-weaning mortality in breeding herds associated with sow herd size and number of piglets born alive

Koketsu

Iida

Piñeiro³

2021

Porc Health Manag

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Background Piglet pre-weaning mortality (PWM) is one of the biggest problems regarding sow performance and piglet welfare. Recently, PWM has increased in some countries, but it is not known if there are similar increases in other countries, nor whether increased PWM is related to either increased numbers of piglets born alive (PBA) or to sow herd size. So, the objectives of the present study were 1) to explore the trend in PWM in Spanish sow herds over a recent 10-year period, along with related measurements such as PBA, stillborn piglets, herd productivity and herd size; and 2) to examine the relationships between PWM and the related measurements. Methods Herd-level annual data from 2007 to 2016 for 91 herds in Spain were abstracted from a sow database compiled by a veterinary consultancy firm that asked client producers to mail data files on a regular basis. The database software automatically calculated herd-level PWM (%) as follows: the total number of piglets born alive to a sow completely weaned during a year (TPBA) minus the total number of piglets weaned by the completely weaned sow during the year divided by TPBA × 100. All the statistical analyses were performed by using SAS University Edition. A growth curve model was applied to incorporate correlations for all of the observations arising from the same farm. Results Over the 10 years, herd means of PWM (standard deviation) increased from 11.9 (4.1) % to 14.4 (3.2) %, and mean PBA increased by 1.9 pigs. Mean age of piglet death during lactation increased by 3.8 days, and later years were significantly associated with herd size and the number of piglets weaned per sow per year (PSY; P < 0.05). Higher PWM was associated with more PBA, more stillborn piglets and small-to-mid herds (lower than the median size: < 570 sows; P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant interaction between the herd size groups and PBA for PWM (P < 0.05): as PBA increased from 9 to 14 pigs, PWM increased by 9.6% in small-to-mid herds, compared with an increase of only 6.6% in large herds (> 570 sows). Furthermore, as PWM decreased from 18 to 8%, herd productivity measured as PSY increased by 2.2 pigs in large herds, compared with only 0.6 pigs in small-to-mid herds. Conclusion Large herds were better than small-to-mid herds at alleviating the association between increased PBA and increased PWM. Also, the relationship between decreased PWM and increased herd productivity was improved more in large herds than in small-to-mid herds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, another study reported that that large herd size was associated with decreased sow longevity [14]. Therefore, it is possible that herd-level factors could affect PWM because large herds have more advanced facilities, more human resources and a higher level of genetic improvement than small herds [12,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 10-year trend in piglet pre-weaning mortality in breeding herds associated with sow herd size and number of piglets born alive

Koketsu

Iida

Piñeiro³

2021

Porc Health Manag

Self Cite

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“…The typical way of monitoring piglet deaths during lactation has been to record them as herd-level preweaning piglet mortality, which is calculated by the recording systems [ 4 ]. However, if piglet deaths are recorded as herd-level information, it is not possible to perform multivariable analyses to examine multiple factors and their interactions in the same model [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five risk factors and their interactions of probability for a sow in breeding herds having a piglet death during days 0–1, 2–8 and 9–28 days of lactation

Koketsu

Iida

Piñeiro³

2021

Porc Health Manag

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Background Increasing preweaning piglet mortality is a concern for veterinarians and producers in relation to sow performance and piglet welfare. Our objectives were (1) to characterize pre-weaning piglet mortality risk for sows (PWM) during early (0–1 days), mid- (2–8 days) and late (9–28 days) lactation and (2) to quantify the following five factors and their interactions, parity, number of piglets born alive (PBA), number of stillborn piglets (SB), gestation length (GL) and season for PWM during the three lactation phases. Methods Data obtained from 264,333 parity records of 55,635 sows farrowed in 2015 and 2016 from 74 Spanish herds. Three multi-level mixed-effects logistic regression models were separately applied for PWM during three lactation phases, which was analyzed as whether or not a sow had a piglet death (i.e. probability of a sow having a piglet death) in each phase. Results PWM during early, mid- and late lactation were 36.9, 27.0 and 15.4%, respectively. As PBA increased from 11 or less to 16 or more pigs, PWM during early and mid-lactation increased by 15.8 and 6.0%, respectively, but there was no increase during late lactation. Also, as GL decreased from 117–120 to 110–113 days, PWM during early, mid- and late lactation increased by 7.5, 6.8 and 1.5%, respectively. Additionally, PWM during the respective lactation phases increased by 8.3, 5.2 and 1.0%, as SB increased from 0 to 3 or more pigs. During early lactation, parity 1 sows had 2.1% lower PWM than parity 5 or higher sows, but during mid- and late lactation they had 4.2% higher PWM (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference between summer and winter for PWM during early lactation (P = 0.26). Conclusion Management practices to reduce PWM need to take account of these factors, and be modified for different phases. For example, during early lactation special care should be given to piglets born to parity 5 or higher sows farrowing 16 or more PBA, having 3 or more SB or GL 110–113 days, whereas during mid- and late lactation more care should be given to piglets born to parity 1 sows with the same PBA, GL and SB conditions.

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“…The reproductive performance of pigs depends on many factors. Due to its importance for swine production, it has been extensively analyzed for many breeds and situations [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Parity is a relevant factor, with the number of farrowings influencing sows’ fertility [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of parity is complicated by the influence of management and breeding systems [ 8 ], and whereas gilts can show a good prolificacy, their performance can vary greatly depending on the breed and management [ 16 ]. Similarly, older sows, with many farrowings, are more prone to reduced reproductive performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Season and Parity on Reproduction Performance of Iberian Sows Bred with Duroc Semen

Piñán

Alegre

Kirkwood

et al. 2021

Animals

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The Iberian pig is an autochthonous breed from the Iberian Peninsula highly valued for its meat. The sows are often bred as Iberian × Duroc crossings for increased efficiency. Since sow parity and season affect the reproductive performance, we evaluated two-year records from a commercial farrow-to-finish farm (live, stillborn, and mummified piglets after artificial insemination, AI). A total of 1293 Iberian sows were inseminated with semen from 57 boars (3024 AI). The effects of parity (gilts, 1, 2–4, 5–10, and >10 farrowings) and season were analyzed by linear mixed-effects models (LME). The data were fitted to cosinor models to investigate seasonal effects within parity groups. The effects of maximum daily temperature (MDT) and day length change (DLC) during spermatogenesis, pre-AI, and post-AI periods were analyzed with LME. The 2–4 group was the optimal one for parity. A seasonal effect was evident between spring–summer (lower fertility/prolificacy) and autumn–winter (higher). Cosinor showed that the seasonal drop in reproductive performance occurs earlier in Iberian sows than in other breeds, more evident in gilts. MDT negatively affected performance in all periods and DLC in spermatogenesis and pre-AI. These results are relevant for the improvement of Iberian sows’ intensive farming.

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Farm data analysis for lifetime performance components of sows and their predictors in breeding herds

Cited by 29 publications

References 83 publications

A 10-year trend in piglet pre-weaning mortality in breeding herds associated with sow herd size and number of piglets born alive

A 10-year trend in piglet pre-weaning mortality in breeding herds associated with sow herd size and number of piglets born alive

Five risk factors and their interactions of probability for a sow in breeding herds having a piglet death during days 0–1, 2–8 and 9–28 days of lactation

Effect of Season and Parity on Reproduction Performance of Iberian Sows Bred with Duroc Semen

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