Faraday Effect in Gases and Vapors II*

Inǵersoll, L. R.; Liebenberg, D. H.

doi:10.1364/josa.46.000538

Cited by 90 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In addition to this, the temperature-dependent (but frequency-independent) Verdet constant (11) yields a value of 1.9530 pmin for a temperature of 290 K. The total Verdet constant then is predicted to be 4.89 pmin which compares well with the corresponding experimental value 5.59 pmin obtained by Ingersoll and Liebenberg [7]. The calculated and observed magneto-optical rotatory dispersion curves are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Magneto-optical rotation in molecules. V. The verdet constant for the oxygen molecule

I’Haya

Matsukawa

2009

Int. J. Quantum Chem.

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The Verdet constant of the oxygen molecule is calculated using the theory of magneto-optical rotation. It is found that only two low-lying excited states, 'ZZ; and 311e, are enough to be considered. Using the SCF wave functions, the temperature-independent Verdet constant at 5780 A is calculated to be 2.837 pmin. Together with the temperature-dependent term 1.953 pmin, the total Verdet constant is predicted to be 4.89 pmin, which compares well with the observed value of 5.59 pmin.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Magneto-optical rotation in molecules. V. The verdet constant for the oxygen molecule

I’Haya

Matsukawa

2009

Int. J. Quantum Chem.

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“…32,33 A supplementary systematic uncertainty should also be added, since the authors measured the ratio between Faraday effects in xenon and in distilled water, and rescaled their measurements with accepted values for water. 32,33 . Thus it does not correspond to absolute measurements of the Faraday effect, contrary to ours.…”

Section: Measurement and Error Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular and linear magnetic birefringences in xenon at λ = 1064 nm

Cadène

Fouché

Rivère

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The circular and linear magnetic birefringences corresponding to the Faraday and the Cotton-Mouton effects, respectively, have been measured in xenon at λ = 1064 nm. The experimental setup is based on time dependent magnetic fields and a high finesse Fabry-Pérot cavity. Our value of the Faraday effect is the first measurement at this wavelength. It is compared to theoretical predictions. Our uncertainty of a few percent yields an agreement at better than 1σ with the computational estimate when relativistic effects are taken into account. Concerning the Cotton-Mouton effect, our measurement, the second ever published at λ = 1064 nm, agrees at better than 1σ with theoretical predictions. We also compare our error budget with that established for other experimental published values.

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“…So far, the Verdet constant has been measured for a collection of molecules, [1,7,8] and this has initiated several theoretical investigations. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition to linear response calculations assuming the Becquerel approximation, [9,10] V(w) is evaluated using 1) a sum-over-state expression, [11] 2) quadratic response functions, [12][13][14][15] and, more recently, 3) time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Einstein summation convention over repeated indices is assumed in Equation (1); w is the circular frequency of the incident light, and C a constant [Eq.(2)]:where N is the number density and the other quantities have their usual meaning. So far, the Verdet constant has been measured for a collection of molecules, [1,7,8] and this has initiated several theoretical investigations. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition to linear response calculations assuming the Becquerel approximation, [9,10] V(w) is evaluated using 1) a sum-over-state expression, [11] 2) quadratic response functions, [12][13][14][15] and, more recently, 3) time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Joint Theoretical–Experimental Investigation of the Faraday Effect in Benzene, Toluene, and p‐Xylene

et al. 2006

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The linear magneto-optical effect, known as the Faraday effect, consists of the rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light when it propagates through a medium placed in a magnetic field with nonzero component in the direction of light propagation. [1][2][3][4] Far from absorption, the Faraday effect is related to the Verdet constant, [5] a quantity characteristic of the substance which depends on concentration, temperature, and frequency. Using the response formalism, [6] it is represented as Equation (1):where ( m a ; m b ; iL g ) w;0 is the quadratic response function, m and L are the dipole-moment and angular-momentum operators, respectively, and e(a,b,g=x,y,z) is the Levi-Civita tensor. The Einstein summation convention over repeated indices is assumed in Equation (1); w is the circular frequency of the incident light, and C a constant [Eq. (2)]:where N is the number density and the other quantities have their usual meaning. So far, the Verdet constant has been measured for a collection of molecules, [1,7,8] and this has initiated several theoretical investigations. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition to linear response calculations assuming the Becquerel approximation, [9,10] V(w) is evaluated using 1) a sum-over-state expression, [11] 2) quadratic response functions, [12][13][14][15] and, more recently, 3) time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). [16] Gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) approaches have been elaborated at both coupled cluster (CC) [14] and TDDFT [16] levels of approximation.Coriani et al. [15] employed a hierarchy of CC response theory models to assess the importance of electron correlation. They evidenced the necessity of including triple excitations for providing a correct estimate of V(w) of the nitrogen and acetylene molecules and pointed out that zero-point vibrational averaging could account for the difference between theory and experiment in the case of methane. Moreover, Krykunov et al. [16] concluded that, when a sufficiently large basis set is used, the TDDFT schemes with nonhybrid exchange-correlation functionals has a clear tendency to slightly overestimate the Verdet constant.On the other hand, little is known about structure-property relationships for organic molecules, which might be of importance in addressing molecular properties [17,18] or designing materials with outstanding magneto-optical properties. As a first step towards this goal, we have measured the dispersion of the Faraday effect for benzene, toluene, and p-xylene as pure liquids and performed theoretical calculations at the DFT level of approximation.Geometry optimizations are carried out for the three compounds at the MP2/6-31G* level of approximation. The V(w) values are evaluated by adopting the analytical quadratic response approach within the density functional theory [19] implemented in the Dalton 2.0 electronic structure program, [20] which retains the adiabatic approximation. Although this scheme allows the use of different exchange-correlation functionals for ...

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Faraday Effect in Gases and Vapors II*

Cited by 90 publications

References 4 publications

Magneto-optical rotation in molecules. V. The verdet constant for the oxygen molecule

Magneto-optical rotation in molecules. V. The verdet constant for the oxygen molecule

Circular and linear magnetic birefringences in xenon at λ = 1064 nm

A Joint Theoretical–Experimental Investigation of the Faraday Effect in Benzene, Toluene, and p‐Xylene

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