Faraday cup for measuring the electron beams of TWT guns

Wei, Yu-Xiang; Huang, Mingguang; Liu, Shu-Qing; Liu, Jinyue; Hao, Baoliang; Du, Chao‐Hai; Liu, Pu‐Kun

doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2012.06.001

“…There are many measurement methods for electron beam spot size, such as Refs. [23] and [24]. Considering the available setup, we adopt the following method to estimate the size 077901-3 of the electron beam spot, as shown schematically in Fig.…”

Section: Explanations On Double-hump Tsey-energy Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary electron yield suppression using millimeter-scale pillar array and explanation of the abnormal yield–energy curve*

Ye

¹

,

Peng

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2019

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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“…In our work, a measuremet system based on the pinhole method is proposed to determine the current density distribution of electron beams [14]. In order to verify the longitudinal velocity distribution (power distribution) of electron beams of a K-band space TWT, we have designed a new compact RFEA to scan electron beams in the beam measurement system by using the same method with a Faraday cup [15,16]. The cutoff curve of beam power distribution of the K-band space TWT is obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of a new retarding field energy analyzer

Wei

¹

,

Liu

²

,

Li

³

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…1-9 Different designs enable various measurement techniques: ion collectors for ion guns; 2 micro-scale Faraday cups in electron microscopy; 3 Faraday cups reducing secondary electron emission in plasma focus experiments; 4 Faraday cups with fast time response for measuring electron beams of traveling wave tube guns. 5 Generally speaking, Faraday cups are used for various types of experimental measurements: ion mass spectrometry; 6 beam current measurement of an ion source where electromagnetic noise is associated; 7 alpha particle detection in tokamaks; 8 ion detection from laser-plasma based experiments. 9 The main technique used at Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS) 10 for ion current measurements with Faraday cups, as well as other detectors, is the time-of-flight (TOF) method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and first experimental tests of Faraday cup array

Prokůpek

¹

,

Kaufman

²

,

Margarone

³

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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Faraday cup for measuring the electron beams of TWT guns

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Secondary electron yield suppression using millimeter-scale pillar array and explanation of the abnormal yield–energy curve*

Secondary electron yield suppression using millimeter-scale pillar array and explanation of the abnormal yield–energy curve*

Experimental analysis of a new retarding field energy analyzer

Development and first experimental tests of Faraday cup array

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