Far ultraviolet reflectivity of lunar dust samples: Apollo 11, 12, and 14

Observations of the lunar geometric albedo during the ATLAS‐3 mission

“…These values are given in Table 1. The dashed and dotted line in the figure is the fit that appears in Lucke [1976] to a variety of measurements including ground-based, rocket, and Apollo 17 measurements of the lunar albedo, and measurements of the reflectivity of lunar dust samples [Lucke, 1973 ]. The dashed and dotted line in the figure is the fit that appears in Lucke [1976] to a variety of measurements including ground-based, rocket, and Apollo 17 measurements of the lunar albedo, and measurements of the reflectivity of lunar dust samples [Lucke, 1973 ].…”

“…During the 1950's, 1960's and early 1970's there were many ground-based and rocket measurements of the lunar phase function. During this time several advances were made in the understanding of lunar reflective properties, including detailed ground-based measurements on the wavelength dependence of the phase function and geometric albedo [Lane et al, 1973], comparing lunar dust sample reflectivity measurements from Apollo 11, 12, and 14 to lunar reflectivity measured during Apollo 17 [Lucke et al, 1973;Lucke et al, 1976], and extending measurements into the far-ultraviolet [Lucke et al, 1976]. During this time several advances were made in the understanding of lunar reflective properties, including detailed ground-based measurements on the wavelength dependence of the phase function and geometric albedo [Lane et al, 1973], comparing lunar dust sample reflectivity measurements from Apollo 11, 12, and 14 to lunar reflectivity measured during Apollo 17 [Lucke et al, 1973;Lucke et al, 1976], and extending measurements into the far-ultraviolet [Lucke et al, 1976].…”

Ultraviolet spectral reflectance properties of common planetary minerals

“…Their results, obtained at selected wavelengths, suggest a reflectance minimum of ∼0.5% near 260 nm, and a slight rise toward 240 nm (to ∼0.8%). Lucke et al (1973Lucke et al ( , 1976 present combined ultraviolet lunar albedo measurements obtained by previous investigators (for comparison with lunar samples and Apollo 17 results). Their compendiums suggest that overall lunar albedo decreases from ∼7% at 400 nm to a minimum near 200-220 nm of ∼4%.…”

“…Few additional resolvable absorption bands are expected in this region for common rock-forming minerals (e.g., Burns, 1970Burns, , 1981Cloutis, 2002). Most planetary targets also generally exhibit a decrease in reflectance toward shorter wavelengths (e.g., Lucke et al, 1973Lucke et al, , 1976Butterworth and Meadows, 1985;Calvin et al, 1995;Noll et al, 1995).…”

“…(c) Same as panel (a) for lunar samples. Symbols and sources of data: filled square: immature mare soils (Noble et al, 2001); filled circle: submature mare soils (Wagner et al, 1987;Noble et al, 2001); filled downward triangle: mature mare soils (Conel and Nash, 1970;Hapke, 2001;Noble et al, 2001); open square: immature highland soils (Noble et al, 2001); open circle: submature mare soils (Noble et al, 2001); open downward triangle: mature highland soils (Wagner et al, 1987;Noble et al, 2001); cross: lunar surface (Lucke et al, 1973(Lucke et al, , 1976; filled hourglass: mare rocks (Conel and Nash, 1970;Wagner et al, 1987;Hapke, 2001); open circle and cross: highland rocks (Wagner et al, 1987); open hourglass: mare soils (Nash and Conel, 1971;Antipova-Karataeva et al, 1973;Hua et al, 1976;Wagner et al, 1987); open upright triangle: highland soils (Hua et al, 1976); X: ilmenites (this study); -: meteoritic metal (this study). (d) Same as panel (a) for various "treatments"; filled square: irradiated mare rock (Conel and Nash, 1970); filled circle: irradiated mare rock (Hapke, 2001); open square: magnetic vs non-magnetic mare soil (Hapke, 2001); open circle: Apollo 11 rock vs glass vs soil (Hapke, 2001); X: ilmenites (this study); -: meteoritic metal (this study).…”