Far Space Remapping by Tool Use: A rTMS Study Over the Right Posterior Parietal Cortex

Giglia, Giuseppe; Pia, Lorenzo; Folegatti, Alessia; Puma, Angela; Fierro, Brigida; Cosentino, Giuseppe; Berti, Anna; Brighina, Filippo

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.412

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In the last 20 years, cognitive neuroscientists have used TMS to induce neglect-like behaviors in healthy volunteers and overcome the above limits. These studies have disentangled previous controversies on neglect neuroanatomy, confirming a causal role of the right PPC in visuospatial attention during performance of stimulus detection 146 and line bisection/landmark 60,[147][148][149][150][151][152][153] tasks, and a role of superior temporal cortex in the performance of visual conjunction search task. 18 These findings, in line with the observation that USN may dissociate across tasks, further highlight the importance of using diverse types of assessment tools to reliable evaluate neglect symptomatology for both clinical and experimental purposes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

<p>Unilateral Spatial Neglect After Stroke: Current Insights</p>

Gammeri¹,

Iacono²,

Ricci

et al. 2020

NDT

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Introduction: Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a disorder of contralesional space awareness which often follows unilateral brain lesion. Since USN impairs awareness of contralesional space/body and often of concomitant motor disorders, its presence represents a negative prognostic factor of functional recovery. Thus, the disorder needs to be carefully diagnosed and treated. Here, we attempted to present a clear and concise picture of current insights in the comprehension and rehabilitation of USN. Methods: We first provided an updated overview of USN clinical and neuroanatomical features and then highlighted recent progresses in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of the disease. In relation to USN rehabilitation, we conducted a MEDLINE literature research on three of the most promising interventions for USN rehabilitation: prismatic adaptation (PA), non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), and virtual reality (VR). The identified studies were classified according to the strength of their methods. Results: The last years have witnessed a relative decrement of interest in the study of neuropsychological disorders of spatial awareness in USN, but a relative increase in the study of potential interventions for its rehabilitation. Although optimal protocols still need to be defined, high-quality studies have demonstrated the efficacy of PA, TMS and tDCS interventions for the treatment of USN. In addition, preliminary investigations are suggesting the potentials of GVS and VR approaches for USN rehabilitation. Conclusion: Advancing neuropsychological and neuroscience tools to investigate USN pathophysiology is a necessary step to identify effective rehabilitation treatments and to foster our understanding of neurofunctional bases of spatial cognition in the healthy brain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

<p>Unilateral Spatial Neglect After Stroke: Current Insights</p>

Gammeri¹,

Iacono²,

Ricci

et al. 2020

NDT

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“…Another novel result from our study is that the application of a short term passive mobilization of the disconnected lower limbs brought about a recovery of PPS representation (Experiment 3), indicating that even passive action may modulate PPS. That short term manipulation may be sufficient to modify PPS boundaries has been demonstrated in previous studies 20 52 53 . Forced immobilization of the arm for 10 hours in healthy people 21 and the amputation of an arm 26 both reduce PPS representation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Spinal cord lesions shrink peripersonal space around the feet, passive mobilization of paraplegic limbs restores it

Scandola

Aglioti

Bonente

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Peripersonal space (PPS) is the space surrounding us within which we interact with objects. PPS may be modulated by actions (e.g. when using tools) or sense of ownership (e.g. over a rubber hand). Indeed, intense and/or prolonged use of a tool may induce a sense of ownership over it. Conversely, inducing ownership over a rubber hand may activate brain regions involved in motor control. However, the extent to which PPS is modulated by action-dependent or ownership-dependent mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we explored the PPS around the feet and the sense of ownership over lower limbs in people with Paraplegia following Complete spinal cord Lesions (PCL) and in healthy subjects. PCL people can move their upper body but have lost all sensory-motor functions in their lower body (e.g. lower limbs). We tested whether PPS alterations reflect the topographical representations of various body parts. We found that the PPS around the feet was impaired in PCL who however had a normal representation of the PPS around the hands. Significantly, passive mobilization of paraplegic limbs restored the PPS around the feet suggesting that activating action representations in PCL brings about short-term changes of PPS that may thus be more plastic than previously believed.

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“…CCE effects restricted to the reachable space in this sense would reflect the restricted operational space resulting from restrained experimental conditions that do not allow the participant to interact with the space beyond the immediate reach. This view is in line with studies about tool use that show that the PPS can expand beyond the immediate reach around the tool 3,9,10,20,21,29 and a reach study showing that mirror neurons respond differently when the observed action is blocked by a transparent barrier while still being within arm’s length physical distance 30 . Our behavioral findings add to the converging evidence from multiple lines of research that operational distance rather than physical distance determines the PPS and that this operational distance can be far reaching.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Peri-hand space expands beyond reach in the context of walk-and-reach movements

Berger

Neumann

Gail

2019

Sci Rep

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The brain incorporates sensory information across modalities to be able to interact with our environment. The peripersonal space (PPS), defined by a high level of crossmodal interaction, is centered on the relevant body part, e.g. the hand, but can spatially expand to encompass tools or reach targets during goal-directed behavior. Previous studies considered expansion of the PPS towards goals within immediate or tool-mediated reach, but not the translocation of the body as during walking. Here, we used the crossmodal congruency effect (CCE) to quantify the extension of the PPS and test if PPS can also expand further to include far located walk-and-reach targets accessible only by translocation of the body. We tested for orientation specificity of the hand-centered reference frame, asking if the CCE inverts with inversion of the hand orientation during reach. We show a high CCE with onset of the movement not only towards reach targets but also walk-and-reach targets. When participants must change hand orientation, the CCE decreases, if not vanishes, and does not simply invert. We conclude that the PPS can expand to the action space beyond immediate or tool-mediated reaching distance but is not purely hand-centered with respect to orientation.

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Far Space Remapping by Tool Use: A rTMS Study Over the Right Posterior Parietal Cortex

Cited by 22 publications

References 56 publications

<p>Unilateral Spatial Neglect After Stroke: Current Insights</p>

<p>Unilateral Spatial Neglect After Stroke: Current Insights</p>

Spinal cord lesions shrink peripersonal space around the feet, passive mobilization of paraplegic limbs restores it

Peri-hand space expands beyond reach in the context of walk-and-reach movements

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