Far-infrared Therapy for Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Although the arteriovenous fistula is considered the best access due to low complications, it faces challenges such as poor maturation rates and patency issues. The present paper describes the current status of far-infrared therapy as a treatment modality to enhance AVF maturation and access survival. The mechanism underlying FIR therapy involves vasodilatory, angiogenesis, and the induction of vasodilation and anti-inflammatory factors. Thermal effect of FIR therapy involve upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, while non-thermal effects include reduced oxidative stress and improved endothelial function. In conclusion, FIR therapy presents potential benefits for improving vascular access flow and survival.