Far-Infrared Line Spectra of Active Galaxies From the Herschel/Pacs Spectrometer: The Complete Database

Fernández-Ontiveros, J. A.; Spinoglio, L.; Pereira-Santaella, M.; Malkan, M. A.; Andreani, P.; Dasyra, K. M.

doi:10.3847/0067-0049/226/2/19

Cited by 90 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 276 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…From the mid-IR line fluxes measured by Tommasin et al (2008) in the Spitzer/IRS-SH and LH spectra listed in Table 1, we obtain the line ratios of [O iv] Sturm et al 2002), but similar to the ratios found in ULIRGs, usually associated with strong star formation (Armus et al 2006(Armus et al , 2007 Table 2), which are more robust diagnostics for the relative AGN/starburst contribution under harder radiation fields (e.g. Lutz et al 1998, Fernández-Ontiveros et al 2016, also suggest a dominant contribution of the starburst component to the lowionisation emission lines. The line ratio diagnostics still apply if we use the [Ne ii] 12.8 µm line flux measured in the VISIR spectrum, which contains about 74% of the flux seen by Spitzer/IRS for the same emission line in a much wider aperture (see Table 1).…”

Section: Ir Spectral Features and Colourssupporting

confidence: 61%

Embedded AGN and star formation in the central 80 pc of IC 3639

Fernández-Ontiveros¹,

Tristram²,

Hönig³

et al. 2018

A&A

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Aims. Our goal is to probe the inner structure and the nature of the mid-IR emission in the active galaxy IC 3639, which hosts a Seyfert 2 nucleus and shows signatures of strong star-forming activity. Methods. We use interferometric observations in the N-band with VLTI/MIDI to resolve the mid-IR emission of this nucleus. The origin of the nuclear infrared emission is determined from: 1) the comparison of the correlated fluxes from VLTI/MIDI with the fluxes measured at subarcsec resolution (VLT/VISIR, VLT/ISAAC); 2) diagnostics based on IR fine-structure line ratios, the IR continuum emission, IR bands produced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and silicates; and 3) the high-angular resolution spectral energy distribution. Results. A large fraction of the total mid-IR emission of IC 3639 is produced in the innermost 80 pc with only ∼ 1% of the total luminosity released in the UV/optical range. The unresolved flux of IC 3639 is 90 ± 20 mJy at 10.5 µm, measured with three different baselines in VLTI (UT1-UT2, UT3-UT4, and UT2-UT3; 46-58 m), making this the faintest measurement so far achieved with mid-IR interferometry. The correlated flux is a factor of 3-4 times fainter than the VLT/VISIR total flux measurement. The observations suggest that most of the mid-IR emission has its origin on spatial scales between 10 and 80 pc (40-340 mas). The emission confined within the inner 80 pc is either dominated by a starburst component or by the AGN core. The brightness distribution could be reproduced by a single component associated to the AGN, although this scenario would imply a very extended dust distribution when compared to other nearby Seyfert galaxies detected with MIDI. The extended component could also be associated to polar dust emission, i.e. a dusty wind blown by the AGN. However, a mixed contribution dominated by the star formation component over the AGN is favoured by the diagnostics based on ratios of IR fine-structure emission lines, the shape of the IR continuum, and the PAH and silicate bands.

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Section: Ir Spectral Features and Colourssupporting

confidence: 61%

Embedded AGN and star formation in the central 80 pc of IC 3639

Fernández-Ontiveros¹,

Tristram²,

Hönig³

et al. 2018

A&A

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“…For a black hole mass of M BH ∼ 4 × 10 8 M (see Section 1), and an AGN luminosity of L AGN = 0.5-1 × 10 44 erg s −1 -that is 10-20% of the total IR luminosity based on the flux ratios of the mid-IR fine-structure lines observed by Spitzer/IRS ( [Ne ] -Ontiveros et al 2016), the corresponding Eddington ratio is log(L AGN /L edd ) −2.7. This suggests that the active nucleus is likely in the radio or kinetic mode, thus favouring the jet scenario.…”

Section: Energy and Momentum Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

A CO molecular gas wind 340 pc away from the Seyfert 2 nucleus in ESO 420-G13 probes an elusive radio jet

Fernández-Ontiveros

Dasyra

Hatziminaoglou

et al. 2020

A&A

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A prominent jet-driven outflow of CO(2-1) molecular gas is found along the kinematic minor axis of the Seyfert 2 galaxy ESO 420-G13, at a distance of 340-600 pc from the nucleus. The wind morphology resembles a characteristic funnel shape, formed by a highly collimated filamentary emission at the base, likely tracing the jet propagation through a tenuous medium, until a bifurcation point at 440 pc where the jet hits a dense molecular core and shatters, dispersing the molecular gas into several clumps and filaments within the expansion cone. We also trace the jet in ionised gas within the inner 340 pc using the [Ne ] 12.8µm line emission, where the molecular gas follows a circular rotation pattern. The wind outflow carries a mass of ∼ 8 × 10 6 M at an average wind projected speed of ∼ 160 km s −1 , which implies a mass outflow rate of ∼ 14 M yr −1 . Based on the structure of the outflow and the budget of energy and momentum, we discard radiation pressure from the active nucleus, star formation, and supernovae as possible launching mechanisms. ESO 420-G13 is the second case after NGC 1377 where the presence of a previously unknown jet is revealed due to its interaction with the interstellar medium, suggesting that unknown jets in feeble radio nuclei might be more common than expected. Two possible jet-cloud configurations are discussed to explain the presence of an outflow at such distance from the AGN. The outflowing gas will likely not escape, thus a delay in the star formation rather than quenching is expected from this interaction, while the feedback effect would be confined within the central few hundred parsecs of the galaxy.

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“…Such low coronal gas densities, though, are unlikely to occur in this AGN. For example, Fernández-Ontiveros et al (2016) using the Spitzer /IRS spectrum for NGC 1386, derived a value of nH = 10 3 cm −3 using the [Ne v] lines in this galaxy. Note also that the emission distribution for all clouds fall out steeply with distance.…”

Section: Channel Maps Coronal Lines and Low-ionization Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A density of 10 2.97 cm −3 (error interval 10 2.83 -10 3.08 cm −3 ) was derived by Fernández-Ontiveros et al (2016) Oliva (1997) for the coronal line gas. However, theoretical and observational arguments presented by Sharp & Bland-Hawthorn (2010) showed that for ionized gas winds in nearby AGN and starburst galaxies a higher value of f ∼ 0.1 is needed.…”

Section: Agn-driven Outflows Traced By the Coronal Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powerful outflows in the central parsecs of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 1386

Rodríguez-Ardila

Prieto

Mazzalay

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei, i.e. L bol /L edd ∼ 10 −6 − 10 −3 constitute the bulk population of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). Powerful jets, common in these objects, are a crucial source of feedback energy driving mass outflows into the host galaxy and the intergalactic medium. This paper reports the first direct measurement of powerful mass outflows traced by the forbidden high ionization gas in the low luminosity AGN NGC 1386 at scales of a few parsecs from the central engine. The high angular resolution of the data allows us to directly measure the location, morphology and kinematic of the outflow. This has the form of two symmetrical expanding hot gas shells moving in opposite directions along the line of sight. The co-spatiality of the gas shells with radio emission seen at the same parsec scales and with X-rays indicates that this is a shock-driven outflow presumably induced by an incipient corejet. With a minimum number of assumptions, we derive a mass outflow rate of 11 M ⊙ yr −1 , comparable to those of powerful AGN. The result has strong implications in the global accounting of feedback mass and energy driven by a low-luminosity AGN into the medium and the corresponding galaxy evolution.

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Far-Infrared Line Spectra of Active Galaxies From the Herschel/Pacs Spectrometer: The Complete Database

Cited by 90 publications

References 276 publications

Embedded AGN and star formation in the central 80 pc of IC 3639

Embedded AGN and star formation in the central 80 pc of IC 3639

A CO molecular gas wind 340 pc away from the Seyfert 2 nucleus in ESO 420-G13 probes an elusive radio jet

Powerful outflows in the central parsecs of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 1386

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