Famine‐associated AED Toxicity in Rural Zambia

Birbeck, Gretchen L.; Kalichi, Ellie M.N.

doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2003.22403.x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Epilepsy-associated stigma and loss of personhood could even exacerbate the effects of regional famine and food insecurity. 19 A cross-cultural review of epilepsyassociated stigma and stigma sequelae lend support to reports of a detrimental effect of epilepsy on health-related quality of life. 20 Although qualitative and experiential reports indicate substantial negative social and economic consequences associated with epilepsy in low-income regions, 14,21,22 little quantitative systematic research has been done.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The social and economic impact of epilepsy in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Birbeck

Chomba

Atadzhanov³

et al. 2007

The Lancet Neurology

129

122

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SummaryBackground-Among the 40 million people with epilepsy worldwide, 80% reside in low-income regions where human and technological resources for care are extremely limited. Qualitative and experiential reports indicate that people with epilepsy in Africa are also disadvantaged socially and economically, but few quantitative systematic data are available. We sought to assess the social and economic effect of living with epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The social and economic impact of epilepsy in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Birbeck

Chomba

Atadzhanov³

et al. 2007

The Lancet Neurology

129

122

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“…In developing African countries, people with epilepsy are often stigmatized (Jilek‐Aall et al, 1979; Bernet‐Bernady et al, 1997; Traore et al, 1998; Birbeck and Kalichi, 2003; Nubukpo et al, 2003; Ndour et al, 2004). Because of social constraints, people with epilepsy could sometimes not answer surveys directly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, because of attitudes toward epilepsy in sub‐Saharan Africa, epilepsy may also contribute to malnutrition. Dike (1999) suggests that in children with epilepsy, a neurological disorder may impair the children's ability to feed or they could be the victims of a “conscious selective neglect.” Epilepsy imposes a social and cultural burden, with a high stigma (Jilek‐Aall et al, 1979; Bernet‐Bernady et al, 1997; Traore et al, 1998; Birbeck and Kalichi, 2003; Nubukpo et al, 2003). People with epilepsy, in sub‐Saharan Africa, often have a lot of food taboos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, one‐third of the African population is underfed (FAO, 2006). A relationship between epilepsy and malnutrition in developing countries has been suspected for many years (Hackett et al, 1997; Pal et al, 1998; Hackett and Iype, 2001; Birbeck and Kalichi, 2003; Nkwetngam Ndam, 2004; Preux and Druet‐Cabanac, 2005). Malnutrition may contribute to the high prevalence of epilepsy in such countries via several mechanisms (Hackett and Iype, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Link between Epilepsy and Malnutrition in a Rural Area of Benin

et al. 2007

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Summary:Purpose: Epilepsy and malnutrition are both important public health problems in sub-Saharan Africa. A relationship between epilepsy and malnutrition has been suspected for many years. Our objective was to investigate the association between epilepsy and malnutrition in Djidja, Benin.Methods: A matched population-based cross-sectional casecontrol survey was performed: cases (patients with epilepsy) were matched to controls according to sex, age ± 5 years, and village of residence. The World Health Organization's criteria for malnutrition was used. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, mid arm upper circumference, triceps skinfold thickness) were taken. Bioelectrical impedance analysis, a standardized food and social questionnaire and a clinical examination were done. Statistical analysis (conditional logistic regression) was performed using SAS 8.0.Results: A total of 131 cases and 262 controls were included. The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in cases than in controls (22.1% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.0006). Social factors were significantly different between cases and controls. Feeding difficulties were more frequent and health status was worse in cases. Seven variables were associated with epilepsy: (i) nutritional factors: mid arm upper circumference (prevalence odds ratio (pOR) = 0.7, CI: 0.6-0.9), cereal consumption <3 times during the 3 days before the study (pOR = 4.2, CI: 1.8-10.0), <3 meals/day (pOR = 4.2, CI: 1.6-10.9), tooth decay (pOR = 2.9, CI: 1.1-7.4), food taboos (pOR = 25.0, CI: 8.3-100.0), (ii) social factors: surrogate respondent (pOR = 16.8, CI: 3.1-90.3) and no second job (pOR = 7.1, CI: 2.3-22.3).Conclusion: Epilepsy and nutritional status are linked in subSaharan Africa. Programs to improve the nutritional status of people with epilepsy are needed.

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“…A substantial body of data supports that there is a disproportionate burden of epilepsy in SSA relative to more developed regions and that the social and economic burden of the disease in the region is substantial [1,[3][4][5]. Research in Kenya and Zambia found that neurologic impairment is quite common among both children and adults with epilepsy [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Zambian police officers

Mbewe¹,

Haworth

Atadzhanov

et al. 2007

Epilepsy & Behavior

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Purpose-In Zambia, where emergency medical services are very limited, the police are frequently called to the scene for unaccompanied people experiencing seizures or people who have exhibit disturbed behaviors during a seizure. Police officers receive no formal medical training to manage such encounters. We developed and administered a police-specific survey to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding epilepsy in Zambia. Results-The response rate was 87.5% (n=175). Police were familiar with epilepsy with 85% having witnessed a seizure. Although 77.1% recognized epilepsy as a brain disorder, almost 20% blamed spirit possession, 13.9% associated epilepsy with witchcraft and over half the respondents believe epilepsy is contagious. When asked how they would treat someone brought in for peace disturbance during a seizures, most police provided supportive or neutral responses, but 8% reported taking harmful actions (arrest, detain, handcuff, restrain) and 14.3% indicated that people with epilepsy in police custody require quarantine. Methods-InConclusions-A significant number of police officers in Zambia lack critical knowledge regarding epilepsy and self-report detrimental actions towards people with seizures. In regions of the developing world where the police provide emergency medical services, police officers need to be a target for educational and social intervention programs.

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Famine‐associated AED Toxicity in Rural Zambia

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The social and economic impact of epilepsy in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

The social and economic impact of epilepsy in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Link between Epilepsy and Malnutrition in a Rural Area of Benin

Epilepsy-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Zambian police officers

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