Family Secrets: Transnational Struggles among Children of Filipino Immigrants

Wolf, Diane L.

doi:10.2307/1389452

Cited by 219 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At the same time, more attention is needed to identifying the factors associated with relatively poorer outcomes among Filipino, other API, and multiethnic API Americans. The discrepancies of problem behaviors between Chinese and Filipino American youth were most extensive, and coupled with several studies that report heightened risk of mental health problems among Filipino Americans (e.g., Wolf, 1997), it seems urgent to conduct more research on Filipino Americans. The population of multiracial and multiethnic youth is increasing dramatically, yet we know little about them .…”

Section: Implications For Research and Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity within: subgroup differences of youth problem behaviors among asian pacific islander American adolescents

Choi

2008

Journal Community Psychology

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This study compares problem behaviors across a range of adolescent Asian Pacific Islander (API) subgroups using the Add Health data, and controlling for parental education or immigrant status. The study finds that Filipino, "other" API, and multiethnic API American youth are at higher risk for poorer outcomes than Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese American counterparts. Many of these differences remained after adjusting for parental education. Controlling for immigrant status explained only some of the subgroup differences. The results suggest several shortcomings to the "model minority" stereotype that is often applied to API American youth. Research and practice should not overlook the higher risk for problem behaviors among certain API American subgroups. The findings highlight the need for more resources for API Americans, especially for the API subgroups facing higher risks.Asian and Pacific Islander (API) Americans and their children are the fastest growing racialethnic group in the U.S., and as a group, they are increasingly diverse (Zhou & Gatewood, 2000). Yet we know little about subgroup differences, especially patterns of problem behaviors among API American adolescents (Harachi, Catalano, Kim, & Choi, 2001). Existing studies on youth risk behaviors typically include aggregate profiles (e.g., Bachman et al., 1991), which is problematic because there are at least 17 nationality groups and eight Pacific Islander groups within the API American population who differ in their language, cultural heritage, and religion. They also differ on history, including average length of time in the U.S., reasons for immigration, and the level of industrialization in their country of origin. Since 1980, no single subgroup has accounted for more than one-third of API Americans (Zhou & Gatewood). Although group comparisons from aggregate profiles can establish baseline information and inform policymaking (Sue, Sue, Sue, & Takeuchi, 1995), research should now begin to examine group-specific differences and similarities to advance our understanding. UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE MODEL MINORITY STEREOTYPEEmpirical data and research findings on API Americans and their youth, even as an aggregated group, are seriously limited (Choi & Lahey, 2006). Filling this vacuum are stereotypes and prejudices used to characterize API Americans, the most popular of which is the model minority, which portrays these youth as "minorities who made it in this land of Correspondence to: Yoonsun Choi, School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, 969 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL 60637. E-mail: yoonsun@uchicago.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This PDF receipt will only be used as the basis for generating PubMed Central (PMC) documents. PMC documents will be made available for review after conversion (approx. 2−3 weeks time). Any corrections that need to be made will be done at that time. No materials will be released to PMC without the approval of an author. Only the PMC documents will appear on PubMed Central --this PDF Receipt will no...

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Section: Implications For Research and Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity within: subgroup differences of youth problem behaviors among asian pacific islander American adolescents

Choi

2008

Journal Community Psychology

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“…By the same reasoning, children from advantaged immigrant nationalities who attend schools with a large number of similar coethnics may see their academic gains attenuated by the more competitive environment of such schools and the diminished sense that they are, in some sense, ''special'' (41,42). Although tentative at this point, these ideas will serve as guide points for the exploration of a question not analyzed before, namely, how early school ethnic composition bears on the subsequent academic fate of the new second generation.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The schooling of children of immigrants: Contextual effects on the educational attainment of the second generation

Portes

Hao

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

179

132

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We supplement earlier published findings on the academic achievement of the immigrant second generation with an analysis of school contextual effects based on the same large data set used by the best-known prior analyses, the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study. A hierarchical model of contextual and individual-level effects on academic achievement and school attrition reveals patterns that reproduce those found in national student surveys but also others that are unique to the second generation. Among the latter are the resilient negative effect of length of U.S. residence on achievement across school contexts and the fact that strong effects of national origin on grades are attenuated in schools with high proportions of coethnics. Mexican-origin students display significant disadvantages in achievement and retention that are generally compounded, not alleviated, by the schools that they attend. A theoretical explanation of this pattern is advanced, and its practical implications are discussed.T he rapid growth of immigration during the past three decades has transformed the demographic structure of the United States and the nature of its interethnic relations. During the past intercensal period, immigration accounted for Ͼ70% of the growth of the American population; the foreign-born population reached 30 million, approaching the historic record of 15% of the total population attained in the 1920s. By 1997, a remarkable 62% of the population of Los Angeles was of immigrant stock (first or second generation) as were 54% of New York's, 43% of San Diego's, and 72% of Miami's population (1, 2).Although the initial attention of scholars and policy makers focused on the immigrants themselves, it has become clear over time that the long-term consequences of today's immigrant wave are more closely linked with the second generation and its chances for successful adaptation. Immigrant children and U.S.-born children of immigrants are the fastest growing segment of the nation's population under 18 years of age. By 2000, they approached 15 million or 1 in 5 of all young Americans (3, 4).Unlike first-generation immigrants whose concerns and aspirations are commonly centered in their country of origin and who frequently return there, the second generation is composed of U.S. citizens and most of its members are here to stay (5, 6). Most of this population is still young and the majority are still in school (4, 7). Hence, the principal outcomes of the adaptation process at this stage are educational: academic attainment and the likelihood of graduating vs. dropping out of high school. In this article, we examine the effects of the class and ethnic composition of the schools that second-generation youths attend in early adolescence on these key outcomes.Using data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS), the most extensive data source on the immigrant second generation to date, Portes and Rumbaut (8) analyzed the educational adaptation process of this population. Results were published in a series of a...

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“…A review of prevalence rates reported in the most important research studies conducted over the past two decades suggests that rapid acculturation does not necessarily lead to conventionally anticipated outcomes (Vega and Rumbaut, 1991). Thus, teenaged children of middle-class Filipino immigrants, the most "Americanized" of contemporary Asian-origin newcomer groups, exhibit higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts than most other immigrant groups (see Wolf, 1997;Kann et al, 1995;Rumbaut, 1994b).…”

Section: Assimilation and Its Discontentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilation and its Discontents: Between Rhetoric and Reality

Rumbaut

1997

International Migration Review

244

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The process of immigrant assimilation is typically and uncritically conceived as one of linear progress -becoming similar to the dominant group in the place of destination is presumed to be a good thing. But a compelling body of evidence on the adaptation of immigrants and their children points to a deterioration of outcomes over time and generation in the United States, as well as to nonlinear processes of change. While linguistic assimilation among children of immigrants does proceed rapidly and inexorably as a linear function, other outcomes -in such diverse areas as infant and adolescent health, diet and divorce, delinquency and risk behaviors, educational achievement and aspirations, an ethos of hard work, and the development of an ethnic identitycontradict conventional expectations, expose underlying ethnocentric pretensions, and point instead to assimilations discontents. By examining such paradoxes of immigrant adaptation that emerge in the conceptual interstices between rhetoric and reality, fruitful reformulations of a seminal sociological concept may be stimulated and advanced. © COPYRIGHT 1997 Center for Migration Studies of NewYork Inc.

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Family Secrets: Transnational Struggles among Children of Filipino Immigrants

Cited by 219 publications

References 7 publications

Diversity within: subgroup differences of youth problem behaviors among asian pacific islander American adolescents

Diversity within: subgroup differences of youth problem behaviors among asian pacific islander American adolescents

The schooling of children of immigrants: Contextual effects on the educational attainment of the second generation

Assimilation and its Discontents: Between Rhetoric and Reality

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