Family Related Factors and Concurrent Heroin Use in Methadone Maintenance Treatment in China

Feng, Nan; Lin, Chunqing; Hsieh, Julie; Rou, Keming; Li, Li

doi:10.1080/10826084.2018.1424913

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is evident that nicotine binds to the nicotine acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system and stimulates dopamine release in the nucleus acumens, increasing euphoria and drug liking in smokers [32,33]. The literature suggests that patients use nicotine to relieve withdrawal symptoms of heroin including depression, restlessness, and irritability [32,34]. Besides, smoking is a leading cause of incidence in illicit drug users [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysubstance Use among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in a Vietnam Province with Drug-Driven HIV Epidemic

Lê

Pham

Quek

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been scaled up significantly in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of polysubstance use in 395 MMT patients and its contextualized associated factors. A cross-sectional study was performed in three outpatient MMT clinics in Nam Dinh Province. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with polysubstance use status. The mean MMT duration and the current MMT dose was 3.3 years and 69.2 mg, respectively. Among participants, 24.8% reported daily alcohol use, 68.6% smoked regularly, and 6% used illicit drugs. Peer pressure and MMT suboptimal adherence were found to associate with continual usage of drugs (47.8%). Participants who lived with a spouse/partner, were self-employed, and smoked were more likely to drink alcohol. Those who drink were also more likely to smoke, and vice versa. Recommendations for policymakers include community-based education and promotional programs aiming to decrease substance usage in the community as well as encouraging and supporting the private health sector in establishing private MMT services and clinics. Further longitudinal studies on polysubstance usage among MMT patients should also be conducted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysubstance Use among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in a Vietnam Province with Drug-Driven HIV Epidemic

Lê

Pham

Quek

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Seventeen of 22 studies exploring family social network ties pre-treatment demonstrated statistically significant relationships with treatment outcomes. Among the observational studies, many evaluated self-reports of perceived family support [46, 47, 48, 49] or cohabitation with family members [50, 51]. For example, one study (N=2728) found that patients who lived with family or who had good relationships with their family were more likely to be retained in treatment for a longer period than those that did not [52].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of social network support on treatment outcomes for medication for opioid use disorder: a systematic review

Kumar

Oles

Howell

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. Despite the possible influence of social network support on medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment, there has been no systematic evaluation of the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of social network support on MOUD. Methods. We searched electronic research databases, specialist journals and grey literature till February 2020. We included experimental and observational studies regarding individuals receiving MOUD, and intersections with social network support. Results. Of 4116 articles screened, we identified 41 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Nineteen studies reported treatment retention/adherence as a MOUD outcome. Three were experimental and 16 were observational. Seventeen studies indicated that social network support was related to improved MOUD treatment retention/adherence. Of the studies with statistically significant results, 12 involved family social network support, while five focused on combined family and peer social network support. Twenty-two studies reported reduced drug use/abstinence as a MOUD outcome. Ten were experimental and 12 were observational. Sixteen studies indicated that social network support was related to reduced drug use/abstinence. Of the studies with statistically significant results, 13 involved family social network support, while three focused on either peer network support or combined family and peer network support. Conclusions. Although evidence was limited, social network support was associated with MOUD treatment outcomes. Interventions around social network support could potentially augment MOUD treatment outcomes. Despite the variety of outcomes and social network support, we suggest the key role of social network support on broad MOUD outcomes.

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“…Family involvement was seen as a strength by both clients and service providers, and therefore considered necessary for successful recovery. Other authors reporting from non-Western countries such as China and Timor Leste have similarly acknowledged the need for a family-centred rather than client-centred approach to mental health and addiction services [35,36]. The role of the family in drug treatment in China is considered to be more important relative to more individualistic western cultures, due to the family-orientation of traditional Chinese culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of the family in drug treatment in China is considered to be more important relative to more individualistic western cultures, due to the family-orientation of traditional Chinese culture. Consequently, in the field of drug-dependence treatment, families in China play an essential role in encouraging PWID to initiate and remain in treatment; and similar to the situation in Manipur, most PWID in China stay with their families before and after attending treatment programs [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention and outcomes for clients attending a methadone clinic in a resource-constrained setting: a mixed methods prospective cohort study in Imphal, Northeast India

et al. 2020

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Background Opioid substitution therapy (OST) with buprenorphine has been widely available in India since 2007, but the introduction of methadone occurred much later in 2012, and availability remains limited. Illicit injecting drug use is a long-standing public health problem in Manipur, a state in Northeast India characterised by major resource constraints and political unrest. We investigated retention and outcomes for clients attending a methadone-based OST program in Manipur with the aim of strengthening the evidence base for development of relevant policies and programs. Methods All clients enrolling in the methadone clinic over a 1 year period were invited to be part of a prospective cohort study, which followed up and surveyed both retained and defaulting clients for 12 months post-enrollment to assess retention as well as social, behavioural and mental health outcomes. Additionally, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews to supplement quantitative information and identify factors contributing to retention and drop-out. Results Of the 74 clients enrolled, 21 had dropped out and three had died (all defaulters) by 12 months post-enrollment, leaving 67.6% still in the program. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, meaningful and statistically significant gains were observed for all social, behavioural and mental health variables. Between baseline and 12 months there were reductions in needle sharing, drug use, property crime, anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts; and improvements in physical health, mental health, quality of family relationships, employment and hopefulness. Factors contributing to retention and drop-out were identified, including the centrality of family, and general lack of awareness of and misunderstanding about methadone. Conclusion Even in parts of India where resources are constrained, methadone is an effective treatment for opioid dependence. Scaling up the availability of methadone elsewhere in Manipur and in other areas of India experiencing problematic opioid dependence is indicated.

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Family Related Factors and Concurrent Heroin Use in Methadone Maintenance Treatment in China

Abstract: The results highlight the importance of the family's role in concurrent heroin use during MMT programs. The study's findings may have implications for family-based interventions that address concurrent heroin use.

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Polysubstance Use among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in a Vietnam Province with Drug-Driven HIV Epidemic

Polysubstance Use among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in a Vietnam Province with Drug-Driven HIV Epidemic

The role of social network support on treatment outcomes for medication for opioid use disorder: a systematic review

Retention and outcomes for clients attending a methadone clinic in a resource-constrained setting: a mixed methods prospective cohort study in Imphal, Northeast India

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