Family Planning Uptake and Associated Factors among Women of Reproductive Age in Rusizi District, Rwanda

Abstract

The global landscape of contraception use, particularly in developing countries, presents a concerning situation. Approximately 123 million women in these regions, who wish to space and limit their births, do not use contraception. This leads to 38% of pregnancies worldwide being unwanted, and a staggering 60% of these unwanted pregnancies result in induced abortions. Lack of information about available family planning services is a significant obstacle, with an estimated 214 million women facing this barrier. The overall prevalence of contraceptive use stands at 22%, varying widely from 3.5% in the Central African Republic to 49.7% in Namibia. This study focused on the low family planning uptake in the Rusizi district of Rwanda. It involved 382 women of reproductive age and 18 key informants. The research adopted quantitative and qualitative data collection methods, and the analysis revealed several insights. Notably, the majority of the participants were women, most of whom fell within the 31 to 40 age group and had limited education. Financial constraints and the need for spousal approval were identified as key factors affecting family planning usage. Multivariable analysis showed that women educated in technical and vocational schools, living in low-income households, and obtaining their husband's approval had significantly higher odds of using family planning. Interview data indicated that inadequate information on family planning services and financial limitations were substantial barriers. The study's primary recommendation is to target women in low-income groups for education, income enhancement, and empowerment to enable them to make informed decisions about their sexual and reproductive lives. This approach involves collaborative efforts with their husbands. Keywords: Family Planning Uptake, Reproductive Age, Rwanda