Family Physicians’ Perceived Prevalence, Safety, and Screening for Cigarettes, Marijuana, and Electronic-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use during Pregnancy

Northrup, Thomas F.; Klawans, Michelle R.; Villarreal, Yolanda R.; Abramovici, Adi; Suter, Melissa; Mastrobattista, Joan M.; Moreno, Carlos; Aagaard, Kjersti M.; Stotts, Angela L.

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2017.06.170183

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the U.S., surveys of health professionals caring for pregnant women have indicated that many appear to have concerns about the use of e-cigarettes; obstetricians and gynecologists were uncertain about how to advise on e-cigarettes due to lack of guidance [35], and of US family physicians who provided obstetric care, most respondents thought that e-cigarettes are unsafe to use during pregnancy [36]. Many US quitline professionals also have negative beliefs about e-cigarettes outside of pregnancy [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

Cooper

Orton

Campbell

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Smoking in pregnancy remains a public health problem. In the UK e-cigarettes are the most popular aid to quitting smoking outside of pregnancy, but we don’t know the extent of e-cigarette use in pregnancy or how English Stop Smoking Services (SSS) respond to pregnant women who vape. In 2015 we surveyed SSS managers about cessation support for pregnant women and responses to clients who vaped. Subsequently we interviewed a sub-sample of managers to seek explanations for the SSS’ position on e-cigarettes; interviews were thematically analysed. Survey response rate was 67.8% (72/106); overall managers reported 2.2% (range 1.4–4.3%) of pregnant clients were using e-cigarettes. Most SSS reported supporting pregnant women who already vaped, but would not recommend e-cigarette use; for women that were still smoking and not using e-cigarettes, 8.3% of SSS were likely/very likely to advise using e-cigarettes, with 56.9% of SSS unlikely/very unlikely to advise using them. Fifteen respondents were interviewed; interviewees were generally positive about the potential of e-cigarettes for cessation in pregnancy although concerns about perceived lack of evidence for safety were expressed and most wanted research on this. Clear guidance on e-cigarette use informed by pregnancy specific research will assist SSS to provide consistent evidence-based support.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

Cooper

Orton

Campbell

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Physicians and other obstetric providers undoubtedly play a key role in educating pregnant women on risks of drug use in pregnancy. Improvements in identifying women who use marijuana and other drugs would assist in achieving this goal …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of common practices for identifying substance use during pregnancy in obstetric clinics

Klawans

Northrup

Villarreal

et al. 2019

Birth

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Substance use during pregnancy has been linked to adverse birth and other outcomes. Screening and intervention in the prenatal clinic are recommended, and reliance on patient reports or selective urine drug screening is inadequate. The aim of this prospective project was to determine substance use identification rates associated with common screening practices, compared to universal screening, among pregnant women seeking care at an urban, academic obstetric clinic. Methods: Women attending their first prenatal visit (N = 275) completed a self-report questionnaire on lifetime and current substance use. A urine drug screening was also conducted, the results of which were not reported to providers. Participants' charts were reviewed to obtain the results of provider-ordered screens. Results: The sample was primarily African-American and Latino, with Medicaid insurance. Ten women (4.6%) reported current marijuana use, while more than double that number (n = 27; 11.6%) screened positive for marijuana via universal screening.The majority of women who screened positive via universal screening did not have a provider-ordered urine drug screening, and less than one-third (29.3%) of clinicianordered screens were positive for at least one substance. Finally, 90% of women who reported they were using marijuana were not selected by providers for a screen. Discussion: Data demonstrate the high proportion of women using marijuana and the limitations of patient self-report and selective, nonroutine screening to identify substance use during pregnancy. Effective, standardized, clinic-wide strategies are needed to support providers in identifying pregnant women who use substances in order to increase the frequency of education and intervention. K E Y W O R D Sprenatal care, substance use, urine drug screening

show abstract

“…In addition, in a study of 115 physicians at Saint Louis University Hospital, provider knowledge and practices regarding ECIGs were assessed, and results indicated that 51% of respondents viewed the products as a tool for harm reduction, while 53% reported patients inquiring about using ECIGs as a smoking cessation aid (Kanchustambham et al, 2017). Somewhat similarly, a survey of 417 family medicine physicians (providing labor and delivery care) in a Texas based study found almost half believed ECIGs users were at a lower risk for cancer compared to conventional cigarette smokers, and 4.4% of providers reported prescribing or recommending ECIGs to pregnant smokers who desired to quit (Northrup et al, 2017). Overall, perceptions of ECIGs among healthcare providers are mixed, and the existing research highlights the need for these professionals to receive accurate, up-to-date information about ECIGs so they can guide their patients appropriately.…”

Section: What Are Healthcare Provider's Perceptions About Ecigs?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic nicotine delivery systems and pregnancy: Recent research on perceptions, cessation, and toxicant delivery

Breland

McCubbin

Ashford

2019

Birth Defects Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which includes e‐cigarettes (ECIGs), are a rapidly‐expanding class of products that heat a liquid (which may or may not contain nicotine) to produce an aerosol. The variation of ECIG components is extensive as are their effects on users. Epidemiological data show that while both adults and youth use ECIGs, use among youth has increased dramatically in recent years. Other epidemiological data show that women of reproductive age and some pregnant women are also using ECIGs. The goal of this article is to provide readers with background information about ECIGs, with a focus on recent findings about ECIG use in pregnancy and potential implications. Among pregnant women, correlates of ECIG use include current cigarette smoking, among other factors. Regarding pregnant women's perceptions of ECIG use in pregnancy, two themes emerge from the literature: many pregnant women perceive ECIGs to be safer than conventional cigarettes, and that ECIGs can aid with smoking cessation. In contrast to these perceptions, there is little concrete evidence that ECIGs help smokers quit. In addition, there are concerns about ECIG nicotine and other toxicant delivery. Nicotine is a toxicant of particular concern for pregnant women, as nicotine is known to harm a developing fetus. There are many limitations to existing research, and the literature is scant in this area. Further, new “pod mod”‐style ECIGs such as JUUL present new challenges. Overall, with limited evidence of their effectiveness, and concerns about developmental toxicology, the authors do not recommend that pregnant women use ECIGs.

show abstract

Family Physicians’ Perceived Prevalence, Safety, and Screening for Cigarettes, Marijuana, and Electronic-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use during Pregnancy

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

A comparison of common practices for identifying substance use during pregnancy in obstetric clinics

Electronic nicotine delivery systems and pregnancy: Recent research on perceptions, cessation, and toxicant delivery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About