Family motivation card: An innovative tool for increasing case detection in a resource poor setting

Padhi, Tanmay; Pradhan, Swetalina

doi:10.47276/lr.86.2.170

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A total of 809 contacts of Index cases were referred with suggestive signs of leprosy to the health centre, of whom 256 were confirmed to be suffering from leprosy, which is 21.4% of total new cases (1,198) reported during the study period in the Index arm area ( Table 2 ). The percentage, of contacts diagnosed (32%) among index cases ( Table 1 ), was slightly higher than other studies from other developing countries, (23%) in Nepal [ 24 ] and (25%) in Bangladesh [ 25 ]. Also, the number of suspects identified by Index patients is less than one per index cases, given the fact that contacts of index cases are at higher risk of contracting the infection [ 8 , 26 – 29 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A comparison of three types of targeted, community-based methods aimed at promoting early detection of new leprosy cases in rural parts of three endemic states in India

Govindasamy¹,

John²,

Lal

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background India achieved elimination of leprosy nationally in 2005, but since then the number of patients with grade 2 disability at diagnosis increased steadily indicating delay in diagnosis. Therefore, there was a need for public health interventions which can increase case finding in their earlier stage. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of three such community-based interventions; 1) Enhancement of community awareness on leprosy; 2) Education and motivation of “Index” leprosy cases; and 3) Involvement of Non-Formal Health Practitioners (NFHPs) to promote early detection of new cases of leprosy. Methodology/principal findings Three community-based interventions were implemented between April 2016 and March 2018, embedded within the National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP) of India. Interventions were 1) increasing awareness through involvement of Gram Panchayat (local government) in the community regarding early signs of leprosy (Awareness), 2) providing health education and motivating newly diagnosed leprosy patients to bring suspects from their contacts (Index) and 3) training local non-formal health practitioners (NFHP). Each intervention was implemented in a group of ten blocks (sub-division of district) with an additional ten blocks as control (with no intervention). The main outcomes were number of new cases detected and number of grade 2 disability among them. They were obtained from the routine NLEP information system and compared between these interventions. On an average, there was an addition of 1.98 new cases in Awareness blocks, 1.13 in NFHP blocks and 1.16 cases in Index intervention blocks per month per block after adjusting for changes in control blocks during the same period. In terms of ratio, there was a 61%, 40% and 41% increase in case notification in awareness, Index and NFHP intervention, respectively. Overall, the percentage of grade 2 disability across intervention blocks declined. Conclusion The Awareness intervention appears to be more effective in detection of new cases, compared to Index case motivation and sensitization of NFHPs. However, it is important to stress that while selecting strategies to increase early diagnosis it is important to determine, which is the most appropriate for each context or area and must be decided depending on the local context.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A comparison of three types of targeted, community-based methods aimed at promoting early detection of new leprosy cases in rural parts of three endemic states in India

Govindasamy¹,

John²,

Lal

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…In 2014-2015, the prevalence rate was 0.68/10,000; in 2013-2014, the proportions of women and children affected with leprosy were 36.81% and 9.04%, respectively. Traditionally, a male-over-female preponderance has been reported in various epidemiological studies ( Padhi and Pradhan, 2015 , Peters and Eshiet, 2002 , Rao et al, 1996 , Van Veen et al, 2006 ). Traditional beliefs, the low status assigned to women, and women’s limited mobility, illiteracy, and poor knowledge of leprosy have been suggested as important sociocultural factors responsible for underreporting of cases of women affected with leprosy.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Leprosy In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leprosy and women

Sarkar

Pradhan

2016

International Journal of Women's Dermatology

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Leprosy has an impact on the physical, social, and psychological health of affected people. Women in developing countries seek health care late for any health-related issues. Leprosy, a disease known for its stigma, adds further to these facts. Also, close contact between women and family members, especially children, increases the chance of transmission to others and thereby increases the disease burden in the society. Hence, leprosy in women is an important issue for the affected patient, their family members, and society as a whole.

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“…Tradicionalmente, se ha reportado una preponderancia masculina sobre femenina en diversos estudios epidemiológicos, aunque en los últimos años la diferencia entre los sexos haya disminuido ( 26 - 28 ). En los países seleccionados de nuestra región, durante el periodo 2011-2020, los hombres fueron más afectados que las mujeres, sin embargo, solo cuatro de ellos presentaron una distribución diferenciada estadísticamente significativa.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Comportamiento epidemiológico de la lepra en varios países de América Latina, 2011-2020

Durán

2022

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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Objetivo. Describir el comportamiento epidemiológico de la lepra en varios países latinoamericanos durante 2011-2020, tomando como base los indicadores de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Método. Estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo con datos oficiales sobre incidencia y prevalencia en la población en general, niños, forma clínica y casos de discapacidad de grado 2 registrados por la OMS entre 2011 y 2020. Se seleccionaron los ocho países latinoamericanos con más casos y se realizaron análisis de estadística descriptiva simple y comparativa entre las variables. Resultados. Entre 2011-2020 se reportaron 301 312 casos de lepra en los países seleccionados: Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Cuba, México, Paraguay, República Dominicana y Venezuela. Brasil fue el único con una prevalencia mayor a 1 por 10 000 habitantes y representó 93,77% de casos. En Brasil y República Dominicana se observó un aumento de la prevalencia durante 2011-2019, mientras que en los demás países esta tendió a disminuir. La enfermedad fue más frecuente en hombres, y los casos multibacilares superaron significativamente a los paucibacilares. En Brasil se encontraron las mayores incidencias de casos de lepra infantil y discapacidad de grado 2 durante el período evaluado. Conclusión. A pesar de que en América Latina la lepra solo es considerada un problema de salud pública en Brasil, la mayoría de los países de la región continúa reportando casos cada año, lo que revela una falta de atención médica adecuada. El estudio confirmó la importancia de la vigilancia activa, el diagnóstico temprano y la planificación de acciones contra la enfermedad en todos los países evaluados, con el propósito de disminuir o detener su transmisión.

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Family motivation card: An innovative tool for increasing case detection in a resource poor setting

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

A comparison of three types of targeted, community-based methods aimed at promoting early detection of new leprosy cases in rural parts of three endemic states in India

A comparison of three types of targeted, community-based methods aimed at promoting early detection of new leprosy cases in rural parts of three endemic states in India

Leprosy and women

Comportamiento epidemiológico de la lepra en varios países de América Latina, 2011-2020

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