Family labor participation and child care decisions: the role of grannies

Zamarro, Gema

doi:10.1007/s13209-020-00213-5

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Most prior studies that considered the association between grandparents' employment status and grandchild care did not distinguish between retired grandparents and those who do not work for other reasons (such as unemployment or illness) (Aassve et al, 2012 ; Danielsbacka and Tanskanen, 2012 ; Di Gessa et al, 2016 ; Železna, 2018 ; Wilińska et al, 2019 ; Zamarro, 2020 ). In addition, prior studies have almost exclusively used cross-sectional data and compared two different groups of individuals, that is, they have compared the grandchild care of working grandparents with that of non-working grandparents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Evidence From Europe

et al. 2021

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Evolutionary theory posits that grandparents can increase their inclusive fitness by investing in their grandchildren. This study explored whether the transition to retirement affected the amount of grandchild care that European grandparents provided to their descendants. Data from five waves of the longitudinal Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe collected between 2004 and 2015 from 15 countries were used. We executed within-person (or fixed-effect) regression models, which considered individual variations and person-specific changes over time. It was detected that transition to retirement was associated with increased grandchild care among both grandmothers and grandfathers. However, the effect of retirement was stronger for grandfathers than for grandmothers. Moreover, transition to retirement was associated with increased grandchild care among both maternal and paternal grandparents, but there was no significant difference between lineages in the magnitude of the effect of transition to retirement on grandchild care. In public debate retirees are often considered a burden to society but the present study indicated that when grandparents retire, their investment in grandchildren increased. The findings are discussed with reference to key evolutionary theories that consider older adults' tendency to invest time and resources in their grandchildren.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Evidence From Europe

et al. 2021

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“…Most prior studies on the association between grandparents' employment status and provision of grandchild care mostly used cross-sectional data and have shown that employed grandparents tend to provide less child care to their grandchildren compared to those grandparents out of the labor market (i.e., retired, unemployed, permanently sick etc.) (Aassve, Meroni & Pronzato, 2012;Danielsbacka & Tanskanen, 2012;Zamarro, 2020) and retired grandparents provide more child care help than grandparents who are not retired (Di Gessa et al, 2016;Wilińska et al, 2019;Zelezna, 2018).…”

Section: Grandparents' Employment Status and Grandchild Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe

Tanskanen¹,

Danielsbacka²,

Hämäläinen³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Grandparental child care is an important form of intergenerational support. Thisarticle explored first time whether the transition to retirement affects the amount of grandchildcare that European grandparents provide to their descendants. The association between entryinto retirement and grandchild care was studied using the longitudinal Survey of Health,Ageing and Retirement in Europe conducted in 16 countries and four regimes: SouthernEurope, Central Europe, Northern Europe, and Eastern Europe. Data collected in five wavesbetween 2004 and 2015 were utilized. We ran panel fixed-effect regression models, whichconsider individual’s variation and person-specific changes over time, providing a test forcausality in the associations between retirement and grandchild care. Transition to retirementwas associated with increased grandchild care among both grandmothers and grandfathers.Grandmothers more often looked after grandchildren than grandfathers, but entry intoretirement increased grandchild care more among grandfathers than grandmothers. Transitionto retirement was associated with increased grandchild care in all parts of Europe, but themagnitude of the effect was strongest in Southern Europe, followed by Northern Europe,Central Europe, and Eastern Europe, respectively. This study indicated that when the roleconflict as grandchild caregivers and employees disappears, the amount of grandchild careolder Europeans provide to their descendants increased. The fact that at retirement older adultshave more time resources to provide informal family support should be carefully acknowledgein policymaking and discussions considering the societal role of older people.

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“…A growing recent literature investigates the varied roles [11][12][13][14] of intergenerational childcare (or time transfer) provided by grandparents, which is usually driven by altruistic motives, exchange motives, and emotional motives [11,15,16]. While there has been a general consensus that grandparental childcare increases the labor force participation of young mothers [12,13,17], studies on the impact of intergenerational childcare on fertility, especially on the birth of the second child, are still limited.…”

Section: Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Grandparental Childcare and Second Birth in China: Evidence from a Dynamic Model and Empirical Study

Wang

Xiao-min

2021

Complexity

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The availability of nonparental childcare may be an important factor that influences reproductive decisions. While there is still a shortage of formal childcare service in China, grandparents are one primary source of childcare for their grandchildren. However, impact evaluations regarding the contribution of grandparenting on fertility level in China are still limited; the established evaluation results are not conclusive, especially for the birth of the second child. In this paper, we provide a theoretical justification and an empirical study of the influence of grandparental childcare on the second birth. By introducing a dynamic general equilibrium (DGE) model, this study proves that intergenerational childcare plays a critical role in both boosting the fertility level and maintaining its positive tendency. Drawing on the nationally representative data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2016, we estimate the treatment effects of grandparental childcare for the first child on the second birth with the Propensity Score Matching method. After controlling the self-selection bias, the results show that intergenerational childcare can positively affect the second birth. Sensitivity analysis results show the relative robustness of our empirical estimates to potential hidden bias attributed to unobserved variables. We also draw policy implications from the analysis, calling for government policies not only to promote sustainable and healthy development of the childcare industry but also to support family life, especially grandparental childcare.

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Family labor participation and child care decisions: the role of grannies

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Evidence From Europe

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Evidence From Europe

Does Transition to Retirement Promote Grandchild Care? Results from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe

Grandparental Childcare and Second Birth in China: Evidence from a Dynamic Model and Empirical Study

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