Family history of diabetes in both parents is strongly associated with impaired residual β‐cell function in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Aims/Introduction: The objective of the present study was to clarify the association of the type and number of first-degree family history of diabetes (FHD) with the clinical characteristics, especially with residual b-cell function, in type 2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,131 type 2 diabetes patients were recruited and divided into four groups according to FHD information as follows: (i) patients without FHD (FHD-); (ii) those with at least one sibling who had diabetes without parental diabetes (FHD+); (iii) those with one parent (FHD++); or (iv) those with both parents (FHD+++) who had diabetes with or without a sibling with diabetes. Results: The percentages of the FHD-, FHD+, FHD++ and FHD+++ groups were 49.4%, 13.4%, 34.0% and 3.2%, respectively. Patients in the FHD++ and FHD+++ groups were significantly younger at the time of diabetes diagnosis (P < 0.001) than those in the FHDand FHD+ groups, even after adjusting for confounding factors. In addition, the levels of insulin secretion were significantly lower in the patients in the FHD+, FHD++ and FHD+++ groups than those in the FHD-group (P < 0.05) after adjusting for confounding factors, and the patients in the FHD+++ group presented with the lowest levels of insulin secretion among the four groups. Conclusions: Our results showed that in type 2 diabetes patients, the degree of the associations between FHD and clinical characteristics differs according to the number and the type of FHD. In particular, FHD in both parents is most strongly associated with impaired residual b-cell function.

Effects of family history of diabetes on pancreatic β-cell function and diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in China

“… 31 35–37 Our study showed that the patients with a parental history of diabetes were younger than those with no parental history of diabetes, which was consistent with several published studies. 14 38 Currently, whether genetic predisposition or lifestyle transformation is responsible for early disease onset in those with a parental history of diabetes is controversial. Alternatively, the improved awareness of diabetic symptoms of those patients could be explained by early disease onset.…”

“…In addition, some studies have found that an FHD also plays an important role in residual β-cell function, but the results remain controversial. [14][15][16] On the one hand, one study demonstrated that patients with an FHD had significantly lower levels of C-peptide than those without an FHD. 15 On the other hand, another study reported that the impact of an FHD on the C-peptide level was definitely weak.…”

“… 16 Moreover, a Japanese study suggested that an FHD was associated with β-cell function and that the association degree differed based on the type of first-degree relationship, such as a sibling history of diabetes or a parental history of diabetes. 14 However, multiple studies have focused on T2DM with a long duration, and no reports have accurately shown the relationship between an FHD and various clinical characteristics, such as residual β-cell function and glycaemic control, in newly diagnosed Chinese patients with T2DM.…”

Impaired insulin secretion and related factors in East Asian individuals

“…New gene regions involved in type 2 diabetes in East Asian individuals have been identified 6 , and a family history of diabetes also has a substantial influence on the pathophysiology of diabetes. Iwata et al 7 . evaluated the relationships of the number and type of family history of diabetes with β‐cell function, estimated using fasting C‐peptide concentration and the C‐peptide index (calculated using the formula: 100 × fasting C‐peptide concentration / plasma glucose concentration) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.…”

A family history of type 2 diabetes as a predictor of fatty liver disease in diabetes-free individuals with excessive body weight

“…A family history of type 2 diabetes (FHT2D) is a well-known strong risk factor for the onset of diabetes 9 and is therefore included in many diabetes predictive models 10 . Of note, this phenomenon is dependent on the hereditary diabetic disease burden, so a FHT2D in both parents is more strongly associated with an impaired residual β-cell function 11 – 13 . Several studies in subjects with obesity demonstrated that a FHT2D accelerates the development of atherosclerosis among diabetes-free subjects.…”