Family, community, and the rural social mobility advantage

Connor, Dylan S.; Hunter, Lori; Jang, Jiwon; Uhl, Johannes H.

doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100844

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Although living with a married parent greatly reduces the risk of poverty (Brady, Finnigan, and Hübgen 2017;Kearney 2023;Manning 2015), earlier marriage is also associated with greater rates of union dissolution (Lehrer 2008), potentially leaving rural children more likely to be raised by a single or cohabiting mother in the long run. Being raised by a young and cohabiting parent alas is associated with higher rates of poverty (Brady, Finnigan, and Hübgen 2017;Kearney and Levine 2012;Snyder and McLaughlin 2006), and recent work has highlighted the benefits of traditional families on economic mobility for rural children (Connor et al 2023). Given the earlier ages of the first marriage, first union, and first birth among rural women paired with the intergenerational transmission of early parenthood and persistent socioeconomic inequality between rural and urban areas, it is likely that rural women's earlier transitions-and its relationship with poverty-will be maintained for years to come.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Life course scholars contend that earlier childhood circumstances and other important life course events-such as finishing schooling-influence the timing of family formation. Rural and urban youth also differ in the types of families in which they were born and raised (Clark et al 2024;Clark, Harper, and Weber 2022;Connor et al 2023) and differ in their ethnoracial background and socioeconomic status as adults-all of which influence family formation in their own right (Farrigan 2020;Lichter 2012;Thiede, Lichter, and Slack 2018). Lastly, the majority of studies of rural family formation have exclusively focused on the behaviors of women, leaving our understanding of rural men's pathways into marriage, cohabitation, and parenthood incomplete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2024; Clark, Harper, and Weber 2022; Connor et al. 2023) and differ in their ethnoracial background and socioeconomic status as adults—all of which influence family formation in their own right (Farrigan 2020; Lichter 2012; Thiede, Lichter, and Slack 2018). Lastly, the majority of studies of rural family formation have exclusively focused on the behaviors of women, leaving our understanding of rural men's pathways into marriage, cohabitation, and parenthood incomplete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Family Formation, Selective Migration, and Childhood Conditions in Rural America☆

Brooks,

Clark

2024

Rural Sociology

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Thirty years ago, rural Americans got married and had children at significantly younger ages than urban Americans. More recent data indicate that these differences persist today, but our understanding of what drives these differences remains limited. To address this gap, we (1) generate Kaplan–Meier estimates of the ages of the first marriage, first union, and first birth among those who lived in rural and urban areas in 2019, (2) evaluate the extent to which rural–urban differences in the timing of family formation reflect selective migration, (3) assess whether rural–urban differences in childhood SES and demographic characteristics further explain differences in timing, and (4) explore rural–urban differences by gender. We find substantial 4.3, 3.8, and 5.1‐year gaps in the ages at which rural and urban women marry, start unions, and become parents, respectively. These gaps largely do not reflect selective migration. Differences in women's age of first birth are attributable to differences in childhood conditions, yet differences in marital and union timing remain unexplained. Rural–urban gaps in the timing of family formation are much larger among women than among men. These patterns of early family formation in rural America have critical implications for families' and children's well‐being as well as rural depopulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Family Formation, Selective Migration, and Childhood Conditions in Rural America☆

Brooks,

Clark

2024

Rural Sociology

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“…The term 'mobility' has multiple meanings and is widely used in fields such as sociology 22 and economics 23 to study the spatial and temporal changes of individuals or groups in material or social spaces. 24,25 Traditional villages are built on the foundation of traditional agriculture and are primarily composed of selfsufficient farmers.…”

Section: The Mobility Of Traditional Villages: Interweaving Tradition...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term ‘mobility’ has multiple meanings and is widely used in fields such as sociology 22 and economics 23 to study the spatial and temporal changes of individuals or groups in material or social spaces. 24,25…”

Section: The Three Dimensions Of Adaptive Cycle In Traditional Villagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The locality-adaptation theory of traditional villages

Wang,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Indoor and Built Environment

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Spatial poverty dynamics and social mobility in rural America

Connor,

Xie,

Uhl

et al. 2024

Population Space and Place

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Rural America is often depicted as a distressed and left‐behind place, with limited opportunities for the children growing up there. This paper addresses this topic by examining the dynamics of rural places over the past four decades and how these changes impact the economic mobility of children raised in poor rural households. Employing a place‐based framework, we utilise sequence analysis to identify dominant trajectories of change for more than 8000 rural communities. Our analysis reveals highly diverse community trajectories that connect deindustrialisation and racial inequality to elevated and rising poverty rates in certain places, while also documenting more favourable poverty trends elsewhere. These diverging local outcomes shed new light on the conflicting narratives surrounding rural America. We then demonstrate that, among children from poorer households, exposure to community poverty is predictive of adult economic mobility, patterns which are partly mediated by family stability and child poverty. Our finding that poor children face additional disadvantages when they also grow up in poor places suggests a potential role for place‐based policies and redistribution to help ameliorate these disparities.

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Family, community, and the rural social mobility advantage

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

Early Family Formation, Selective Migration, and Childhood Conditions in Rural America☆

Early Family Formation, Selective Migration, and Childhood Conditions in Rural America☆

The locality-adaptation theory of traditional villages

Spatial poverty dynamics and social mobility in rural America

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