Family Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Child Anxiety Disorders

Wood, Jeffrey J.; Piacentini, John; Southam‐Gerow, Michael A.; Chu, Brian C.; Sigman, Marian

doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000196425.88341.b0

Cited by 279 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These studies also generate comparable findings in 6-8 year olds as in older children and adolescents. [212][213][214] For longitudinal studies, most data begin following children at age 9. Thus, taken together, data from clinical, therapeutic, and longitudinal studies suggest that the diagnosis of SAD can be made reliably down to age 6, and establish the validity of the diagnosis down to age 9 while also generating some evidence of validity in 6-8 year olds.…”

Section: Developmental Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social anxiety disorder: questions and answers for the DSM-V

et al. 2010

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Background: This review evaluates the DSM-IV criteria of social anxiety disorder (SAD), with a focus on the generalized specifier and alternative specifiers, the considerable overlap between the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for SAD and avoidant personality disorder, and developmental issues. Method: A literature review was conducted, using the validators provided by the DSM-V Spectrum Study Group. This review presents a number of options and preliminary recommendations to be considered for DSM-V. Results/Conclusions: Little supporting evidence was found for the current specifier, generalized SAD. Rather, the symptoms of individuals with SAD appear to fall along a continuum of severity based on the number of fears. Available evidence suggested the utility of a specifier indicating a ''predominantly performance'' variety of SAD. A specifier based on ''fear of showing anxiety symptoms'' (e.g., blushing) was considered. However, a tendency to show anxiety symptoms is a core fear in SAD, similar to acting or appearing in a certain way. More research is needed before considering subtyping SAD based on core fears. SAD was found to be a valid diagnosis in children and adolescents. Selective mutism could be considered in part as a young child's avoidance response to social fears. Pervasive test anxiety may belong not only to SAD, but also to generalized anxiety disorder. The data are equivocal regarding whether to consider avoidant personality disorder simply a severe form of SAD. Secondary data analyses, field trials, and validity tests are needed to investigate the recommendations and options. Depression and Anxiety 27:168-189, 2010. Key words: DSM-V; social anxiety disorder; social phobia; subtypes; classification; interpersonal; performance; test anxiety; selective mutism; avoidant personality disorder INTRODUCTIONThis review evaluates several issues pertaining to the diagnostic criteria for social phobia or social anxiety disorder (SAD) (Table 1), in light of empirical evidence gathered since DSM-IV. The review was guided by questions posed in the DSM-IV Sourcebook (Vol. 2), chapters titled ''Social phobia'' [1] and ''Social phobia subtypes,''[2] a review conducted as part of the DSM-V Stress Induced and Fear Circuitry Disorders Workgroup Conference, titled ''Social Phobia: Towards DSM V, '' [3] by questions posed by the DSM-V Anxiety, OC Spectrum, Posttraumatic, and Dissociative Disorder Work Group and by issues raised by consulted experts and advisors. The main issues to be addressed are the generalized specifier and its alternatives, the overlap with avoidant personality disorder, and developmental issues including the relationship that SAD shows in childhood with selective mutism (SM) and test anxiety. STATEMENT OF THE ISSUESThis review addresses the following questions, using the validators provided by the DSM-V Task Force: (1) What is the evidence/utility of the DSM-IV generalized specifier? If there is insufficient evidence/utility for a generalized specifier, what is the utility/evidence for alternative sub...

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Section: Developmental Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social anxiety disorder: questions and answers for the DSM-V

et al. 2010

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“…Indeed, of the 488 youth, 175 (35.9 %) received all three anxiety disorders as coprimary and an additional 209 (42.8 %) received at least two of these anxiety disorders as co-primary. Examples of the former approach include several child-focused anxiety treatment studies [7][8][9][10][11][12], which have included only youth with single disorders such as GAD or SAD. These same decision making rules have been extended to basic psychopathology research where investigators have examined only children with a single primary anxiety diagnosis [13][14][15] and excluded others from study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Versus Secondary Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Is the Distinction an Important One?

Ollendick

Jarrett

White

et al. 2015

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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Examine whether children with a primary diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) differ from children with a secondary diagnosis of GAD on clinician, parent, teacher, and youth-report measures. Based on consensus diagnoses, 64 youth referred to a general outpatient assessment clinic were categorized as having either a primary or secondary diagnosis of GAD. A semi-structured diagnostic interview was used to guide diagnostic decisions and assign primary versus secondary diagnostic status. We predicted that youth with a primary GAD diagnosis would present with greater anxiety symptomatology and symptom impairment on a variety of anxiety-related measures than youth with a secondary GAD diagnosis. Contrary to our hypotheses, no differences were found between those with primary versus secondary GAD diagnoses on measures of symptom severity and clinical impairment, comorbid diagnoses, or youth and teacher-report measures. Our findings have potential implications for the current practice of requiring primary anxiety diagnostic status as an inclusion criterion in clinical research and treatment outcome studies. Assuming our findings are confirmed in larger samples and with other anxiety disorders, future clinical trials and basic psychopathology research might not exclude youth based on absence of a particular anxiety disorder as the primary disorder but rather include individuals for whom that anxiety disorder is secondary as well.

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“…Diversos outros estudos com diferentes modalidades de TCC, individual ou em grupo, com ou sem participação parental/familiar, também têm demonstrado a eficácia dessa intervenção psicoterápica no tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com transtornos de ansiedade (Flannery-Schroeder e Kendall, 2000;Barret, 1998;Silverman et al, 1999;Mendlowitz et al, 1999;Short et al, 2001;Manassis et al, 2002;Nauta et al, 2003;Wood et al, 2006). Uma metanálise recente (James et al, 2005), envolvendo 13 ensaios clínicos randomizados com 498 pacientes e 311 controles, demonstrou que a resposta à TCC para qualquer transtorno de ansiedade foi de 56% comparada com 28,2% para o grupo controle (RR: 0,6; IC de 95%: 0,53-0,69) e o número necessário para tratar (NNT) encontrado foi de 3 (IC de 95%: 2,5-4,5).…”

Section: Tratamento Psicoterápicounclassified

Tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade social em crianças e adolescentes

Isolan¹,

Pheula²,

Manfro³

2007

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: Transtorno de ansiedade social é um transtorno incapacitante e altamente prevalente em crianças e adolescentes ao longo da vida, de acordo com os critérios do DSM-IV, variando de 0,7% a 3,5%. Se não tratado, pode interferir no funcionamento emocional, social e escolar. Objetivos: Avaliar a evidência atual para a eficácia e efetividade de intervenções farmacológicas e psicoterápicas no tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade social na infância e na adolescência. Métodos: Pesquisas foram realizadas por meio do PubMed, Lilacs, PsycINFO e Cochrane Library até agosto de 2006 usando os termos "social anxiety disorder" OR "social phobia" AND "child*" AND "adolesc*". Resultados: Várias modalidades de tratamento, incluindo tratamentos psicoterápicos e farmacológicos, têm sido propostas para o tratamento desse transtorno. Terapia cognitivo-comportamental e farmacoterapia, principalmente com inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina, são o tratamento de escolha para o transtorno de ansiedade social nessa idade. Conclusões: Embora vários tratamentos tenham sido propostos, estudos adicionais são necessários para melhorar os desfechos em crianças e adolescentes afetados com transtorno de ansiedade social. , L. et al. / Rev. Psiq. Clín. 34 (3); 125-132, 2007 Palavras-chave: Transtorno de ansiedade social, fobia social, crianças, adolescentes, tratamento. Isolan AbstractBackground: Social anxiety disorder is a debilitating, highly prevalent disorder in children and adolescents with lifetime prevalence rates, according to DSM-IV criteria, ranging from 0.7% to 3.5%. If left untreated, it can interfere with emotional, social, and school functioning. Objective: To evaluate the current evidence for efficacy and effectiveness of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions in the treatment of social anxiety disorder in children and adolescents. Methods: Searches were undertaken through PubMed, Lilacs, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library until august 2006, using the terms "social anxiety disorder" OR "social phobia" AND "child*" AND "adolesc*". Results: Several treatment modalities, including psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments have been proposed for the treatment of this disorder. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy, mainly with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are the treatments of choice for social anxiety disorder in this age. Conclusion: Although several treatments have been proposed, further studies are necessary to improve outcomes in affected children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder.

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Family Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Child Anxiety Disorders

Cited by 279 publications

References 21 publications

Social anxiety disorder: questions and answers for the DSM-V

Social anxiety disorder: questions and answers for the DSM-V

Primary Versus Secondary Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Is the Distinction an Important One?

Tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade social em crianças e adolescentes

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