Family and Community Nurses as a Resource for the Inclusion of Youths with Type 1 Diabetes at School

Abstract

School nurses can facilitate the inclusion of students with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at school; this model has been widespread in some countries but not in Italy, which is due to the insufficient number of school nurses that are able to provide medical attention at all times. The National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) devised a series of aids and support for the reorganization of the Italian National Health System (NHS) through the creation of community houses in addition to family and community nurses (FCNs), who will operate in these structures to promote the integration of the various professional figures and community services. In this study, starting with the needs and suggestions of teachers (No. 79) and parents (No. 48) collected using a survey, we developed a new model for the inclusion of students at school where FCNs who have experience in pediatric T1D have the role of an educator, coordinator, and facilitator’ they cannot be on site and available all the time during school hours, so they must make many efforts to improve the school staff’s knowledge, intervene to offer training when requested, and solve new emerging problems.

The Role of the School Nurse in the United States, United Kingdom, and Italy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review

“…From our search, we found limited literature regarding school nursing in Italy. Only one paper, published in 2023 (Brentari et al, 2023), met our inclusion criteria. It is important to highlight that school nursing in the US and the UK is different with respect to Italy, where FCN does not work exclusively in the school environment but also in other community and family settings (elderly subjects, chronic patients and educational institutions that follow children and adolescents, etc.)…”

“…with particular attention to frail patients. Brentari et al (2023), in their work, focused their attention on the school environment. Using a survey approach, they asked for suggestions and needs of teachers and parents.…”

Validación de una escala enfermera para evaluar las actitudes del profesorado en la atención diabética

“…El tema de estudio fue la DM tipo 1 en los centros educativos de Burgos capital y provincia. Se diseñó un cuestionario de forma expresa para la investigación, adaptando algunos ítems de una encuesta de calidad de vida utilizada en el Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición del HUBU, y de otros instrumentos empleados en estudios anteriores de la Fundación para la Diabetes (12,13) . Previo a su administración, se solicitó su cumplimentación a un grupo piloto para valorar su contenido y funcionamiento (un asesor educativo, dos maestros del Aula Hospitalaria, una maestra de un colegio con alumnado con DM tipo 1, una enfermera y un médico del Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital de Burgos que ajustó la información sobre la DM infanto-juvenil), modificándose para la versión final algunos aspectos lingüísticos.…”

“…Debido a esta elevada incidencia hay muchas posibilidades de que los docentes, a lo largo de su práctica educativa, tengan en su clase alumnado con DM tipo 1, por lo que deberán asegurar su participación plena en todas las actividades escolares (9) . Diversas investigaciones realizadas en España informan de limitaciones para incluir al alumnado con DM tipo 1 en el contexto escolar y resaltan la necesidad de solucionar esta área de mejora en materia de enfermedades crónicas o de larga duración desatendida en los centros educativos, relacionado con la falta de enfermería escolar en los entornos de aprendizaje (12)(13)(14)(15) . El objetivo de este estudio es describir el proceso de diseño y construcción del Inventario de Actitudes Negativas del Profesorado hacia la Atención del alumnado con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (INAPAD).…”