Familism among Latino/a adolescents: Evidence from <scp>time‐use</scp> data

Ackert, Elizabeth; Wikle, Jocelyn S.

doi:10.1111/jomf.12809

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…We also find that there are important estrangement patterns structured by race/ethnicity, likely due to the institutional and structural factors of racism together with racialized expectations, constraints, and enactments of parenthood. In line with research suggesting that Black mothers are a uniquely stable feature in U.S. family life (Bailey-Fakhoury, 2017;Collins, 1987;Dow, 2015Dow, , 2019, results show that Black adult children are less likely to be estranged from their mothers than are White adult children (Ackert & Wilke, 2021). This likely reflects sociocultural norms centering mothers in Black family life.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Due to historical and contemporary structural and institutional racism as well as different cultural norms and expectations, family patterns are racialized in the U.S. today (Chatters et al, 2022; Cross et al, 2022). Black adults are theorized to be more deeply connected to their mothers (Ackert & Wilke, 2021; Bailey‐Fakhoury, 2017; Collins, 1987; Dow, 2015), and Latine people are theorized to adhere to norms of “familism,” which stipulate stronger social norms and obligations of intergenerational connection, than White people (Acosta, 2013; Schwartz, 2007). Supporting this point, empirical work shows Black and Latine individuals have higher rates of coresidence with their parents and a greater degree of contact than White people (Goldman & Cornwell, 2018; Sarkisian & Gerstel, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parent–adult child estrangement in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality

Reczek

Stacey

Thomeer

2022

J of Marriage and Family

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Objective To provide nationally representative estimates of parent–adult child estrangement. Background Population‐level research on parent–adult child estrangement is needed to understand the full range of family dynamics in the U.S. Methods We estimate logistic regression models using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and accompanying Child and Young Adult supplement to determine estimates of estrangement (and subsequent unestrangement) from mothers (N = 8495) and fathers (N = 8119) by children's gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality. We then estimate hazards of first estrangement from mothers (N = 7919) and fathers (N = 6410), adjusting for adult child's and parents' social and economic characteristics. Results Six percent of respondents report a period of estrangement from mothers, with an average age of first maternal estrangement of 26 years old; 26% of respondents report estrangement from fathers, with an average age of first paternal estrangement of 23 years old. Results further show heterogeneity by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality; for example, daughters are less likely to be estranged from their mothers than are sons, Black adult children are less likely than White adult children to be estranged from their mothers but more likely to be estranged from fathers, and gay, lesbian, and bisexual adult children are more likely than heterosexuals to be estranged from fathers. The majority of estranged adult children become unestranged from mothers (81%) and fathers (69%) in subsequent waves. Conclusion This study provides compelling new evidence on an overlooked aspect of intergenerational relationships, concluding with insight into the structural forces that may unequally contribute to estrangement patterns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent–adult child estrangement in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality

Reczek

Stacey

Thomeer

2022

J of Marriage and Family

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“…A binary variable for female was included considering known differences between youth boys and girls in social contact (Dunifon et al, 2017). Considering past research documenting differing levels of familism based on race, ethnicity, and immigrant status (Ackert & Wikle, 2021), we measured race and ethnicity using binary variables to indicate Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black . We also measured whether the adolescent was an immigrant , defined as having been born outside the United States, regardless of citizenship.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research makes an important contribution by evaluating a previously unstudied aspect of social experiences for youth with disabilities. Researchers have characterized social contact for youth without disabilities, including variations in social contact based on gender (Updegraff et al, 2005), ethnicity (Ackert & Wikle, 2021), being an only child (Dunifon et al, 2017; Wikle et al, 2019), and family structure (Wikle & Hoagland, 2020). However, there is insufficient research focused on social contact patterns for youth with disabilities (Maxey & Beckert, 2017), and scholars have called for more research examining channels of social development for youth with disabilities compared to their peers without disabilities (Webster & Carter, 2007).…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Contact and Family Contact for Youth with Disabilities

Wikle

Shandra

2022

Youth & Society

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Youth with disabilities may experience unequal patterns of social contact, compared to youth without disabilities. This study uses a nationally representative sample of youth (ages 15–19; N = 6,803) from the American Time Use Survey (2008–2019) to evaluate if and how social contact—defined as time spent with relatives and nonrelatives—differs by youth disability status. Outside the family context, youth with disabilities spent less time with nonrelatives compared to youth without disabilities. Lower social contact with nonrelatives was offset by increased social contact with relatives. Limited social contact outside a youth’s family context has implications for adolescent development. Social contact, and family social contact specifically, may be important forms of developmental support for youth with disabilities.

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“…Despite this, mothers eating meals with children are generally not coded in time diaries as “helping” or “teaching” childcare activities. As a result, focusing only on more traditional childcare may miss additional sources of socially connected care that can build belongingness and social ties central to children's mental health (Ackert and Wikle, 2021; Alvarez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Mothers’ Time In the Socially Connected Care Of Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond mothers’ time in childcare: Worlds of care and connection in the early life course

Milkie,

Wray

2023

Time & Society

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Family scholars examining time spent on children's care focus heavily on mothers’ allocations to a specific sphere of active caregiving activities . But children's needs for care and supervision involve connection to others; and many others beyond mothers can and do provide care, especially as children grow. Using a “linked lives” approach that centers relationality, we show how time diaries can illuminate children's time spent in “socially connected” care. Using recent (2014–2019) time diary data from the American and the United Kingdom Time Use Surveys, we examine mothers', children's, and teenagers' days to assess two forms of connected care time. First, results show that in addition to childcare time as traditionally measured by time use studies, mothers spend considerable further time providing connected care through social and community time in which children are included, religious activities with their children present, and mealtime with children. Second, looking from the child's perspective also underscores time in the larger “village” of carers within which children and youth are embedded. Fully two-thirds of 8–14-year-olds' and three-quarters of 15–17-year-olds’ waking time is not with mothers—it is spent alone or in social connection to fathers, extended family, teachers, neighbors, and friends. A “linked lives” approach shifts attention to assessing care time in diverse activities with others and to measuring mothers’ and children's time in social connections within the larger world. This analytic frame also moves away from maternal determinism to highlight the contours of children's care and social time occurring within the community at large, as well as the roles and responsibilities of those outside of the mother–child dyad across the child's early life course.

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Familism among Latino/a adolescents: Evidence from time‐use data

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

Parent–adult child estrangement in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality

Parent–adult child estrangement in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexuality

Social Contact and Family Contact for Youth with Disabilities

Beyond mothers’ time in childcare: Worlds of care and connection in the early life course

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