Families and the natural history of blood pressureA 27-year follow-up study

VANDENELZEN, A; DERIDDER, M; Grobbee, D. E.; Hofman, A.; Witteman, J.C.M.; Uiterwaal, Cuno

doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(04)00871-4

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These results are in concordance with a 27-year follow-up study on familial aggregation of BP, where children with both parents in the highest BP tertile had on average 2.7 mm Hg higher SBP and 8.5 mm Hg higher DBP in adulthood. 13 We 2,3 and others 14,15 have previously shown that SBP and DBP measured in childhood are independent risk factors for elevated IMT in adulthood. In the current study, we observed that high BP levels in childhood and youth were predictive of high-risk IMT in adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Repeated Blood Pressure Measurements in Childhood in Prediction of Hypertension in Adulthood

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypertension may be predicted from childhood risk factors. Repeated observations of abnormal blood pressure in childhood may enhance prediction of hypertension and subclinical atherosclerosis in adulthood compared with a single observation. Participants (1927, 54% women) from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study had systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements performed when aged 3 to 24 years. Childhood/youth abnormal blood pressure was defined as above 90th or 95th percentile. After a 21- to 31-year follow-up, at the age of 30 to 45 years, hypertension (>140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive medication) prevalence was found to be 19%. Carotid intima-media thickness was examined, and high-risk intima-media was defined as intima-media thickness >90th percentile or carotid plaques. Prediction of adulthood hypertension and high-risk intima-media was compared between one observation of abnormal blood pressure in childhood/youth and multiple observations by improved Pearson correlation coefficients and area under the receiver operating curve. When compared with a single measurement, 2 childhood/youth observations improved the correlation for adult systolic (r=0.44 versus 0.35, P <0.001) and diastolic (r=0.35 versus 0.17, P <0.001) blood pressure. In addition, 2 abnormal childhood/youth blood pressure observations increased the prediction of hypertension in adulthood (0.63 for 2 versus 0.60 for 1 observation, P =0.003). When compared with 2 measurements, third observation did not provide any significant improvement for correlation or prediction ( P always >0.05). A higher number of childhood/youth observations of abnormal blood pressure did not enhance prediction of adult high-risk intima-media thickness. Compared with a single measurement, the prediction of adult hypertension was enhanced by 2 observations of abnormal blood pressure in childhood/youth.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Repeated Blood Pressure Measurements in Childhood in Prediction of Hypertension in Adulthood

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[7][8][9][10][11] However, there are notable differences regarding statistical methods adopted and characteristics of subjects in the earlier studies and the present study. In a study by Lie et al 9 in which thirdgrade school children were recruited, the effect of parental history of hypertension was not consistent over the ages they examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Burke et al, 7 an effect of parental history of hypertension on BP was not detected at the age of 9 years, and a parallel shift of the BP-age relationship by parental history of hypertension was not detected in the age range that they examined (9-18 years old). van den Elzen et al 10 examined the relationship between natural history of BP in children aged 5 to 19 years and level of BP in their parents. They found that SBP was consistently higher by 2.7 mm Hg from the age of 5 years to the age of 40 years in subjects with parents in the highest tertile of SBP, whereas such a parallel shift of BP was not observed for DBP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the effect of parental hypertension on the time course of BP during aging cannot be assessed by cross-sectional analysis. Although there have been a few longitudinal studies in which children or adolescents (ie, university students) were recruited, [7][8][9][10][11] the number of subjects in those studies was relatively small or the subjects were restricted to white men. More importantly, the relationship between effects of parental history of hypertension on longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors and effects on longitudinal BP changes has not been clarified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Parental Hypertension on Longitudinal Trends in Blood Pressure and Plasma Metabolic Profile

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

P revious studies have shown that cardiovascular disease clusters within families, 1,2 and a family history of atherosclerotic disease is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events. There have been several studies on the impact of a family history of hypertension on cardiovascular events in offspring, and associations of parental hypertension with blood pressure (BP) elevation and insulin resistance in offspring have been indicated by cross-sectional studies.3-6 However, because BP level and some metabolic parameters (eg, plasma glucose and insulin level) are age dependent, the results of crosssectional analyses may have been biased depending on the age distribution of the study subjects. In addition, the effect of parental hypertension on the time course of BP during aging cannot be assessed by cross-sectional analysis. Although there have been a few longitudinal studies in which children or adolescents (ie, university students) were recruited, 7-11 the number of subjects in those studies was relatively small or the subjects were restricted to white men. More importantly, the relationship between effects of parental history of hypertension on longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors and effects on longitudinal BP changes has not been clarified.In the present study, we examined the effects of parental hypertension on time courses of both BP and metabolic risk factors during the third to eighth decades of life. We retrieved data from the Tanno-Sobetsu Study and used a mixed-effects model for analyses of longitudinal changes in parameters. The results of the present study indicated that parental hypertension has additive effects not only on age-dependent elevation of BP but also on fasting blood glucose (fasting blood sugar [FBS]) and triglyceride (TG) levels in both men and women. These effects of parental hypertension on the risk factors may contribute to the increase in atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in subjects with a family history of hypertension. MethodsThe protocol of this study was approved by the ethics committee of Sapporo Medical University. Detailed methods are described in the online-only Data Supplement.Abstract-The mechanism underlying the association of parental hypertension with cardiovascular events in offspring remains unclear. In this study, the effects of parental hypertension on longitudinal trends of blood pressure and metabolic parameters were examined by mixed-effects model analysis. From 1977 to 2006, 5198 subjects participated in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, and we selected 2607 subjects (1095 men and 1512 women) for whom data on parental history of hypertension were available. In both men and women with and without parental hypertension, systolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose levels consistently increased from the third to eighth decades of life, whereas diastolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride levels followed biphasic (inverted U shape) time courses during that period. However, the relationships between the parameters and age were significantly shi...

show abstract

“…2,3 The genetic component of hypertension is exemplified by a comparatively greater rise in blood pressure (BP) through adolescence for children of parents with hypertension compared with those of parents with normotension. 5 Considering the long-term impact of hypertension on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality, controlling BP to recommended levels is imperative in children. A major consequence of untreated pediatric hypertension is the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, which has been reported in more than 40% of children with hypertension.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Double-Blind, Dose-Response Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Olmesartan Medoxomil in Children and Adolescents with Hypertension

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The current study investigated the efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil in children with hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure measured at or above the 95th percentile (90th percentile for patients with diabetes, glomerular kidney disease, or family history of hypertension) for age, gender, and height while off any antihypertensive medication. The active treatment phase was conducted in 2 periods, with 2 cohorts in each period (cohort A, 62% white; cohort B, 100% Black). In period 1, patients stratified by weight received low-dose (2.5 or 5 mg) or high-dose (20 or 40 mg) olmesartan medoxomil daily for 3 weeks. In period 2, patients maintained their olmesartan medoxomil dose or initiated placebo washout for an additional 2 weeks. Period 1 efficacy results showed a dose-dependent, statistically significant reduction in seated trough systolic and diastolic blood pressure for both cohorts, with mean blood pressure reductions numerically smaller in cohort B than in cohort A. The olmesartan medoxomil dose response remained statistically significant when adjusted for body weight. In period 2, blood pressure control decreased in those patients switching to placebo, whereas patients continuing to receive olmesartan medoxomil therapy maintained consistent blood pressure reduction. Adverse events were generally mild and unrelated to study medication. Olmesartan medoxomil was safe and efficacious in children with hypertension, resulting in significant blood pressure reductions. Key Words: adolescent Ⅲ angiotensin receptor blocker Ⅲ children Ⅲ hypertension Ⅲ olmesartan medoxomil Ⅲ safety H ypertension is an increasingly recognized disease in children and adolescents, yet it often remains undiagnosed and untreated. 1-4 Contributory factors include genetic background and increased childhood obesity, with a longterm health risk of potentially devastating consequences, including target organ damage. 2,3 The genetic component of hypertension is exemplified by a comparatively greater rise in blood pressure (BP) through adolescence for children of parents with hypertension compared with those of parents with normotension. 5 Considering the long-term impact of hypertension on quality of life, morbidity, and mortality, controlling BP to recommended levels is imperative in children. A major consequence of untreated pediatric hypertension is the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, which has been reported in more than 40% of children with hypertension. 6 However, the current management of pediatric hypertension is inadequate. As recently highlighted by the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study, 37% of children with chronic kidney disease were diagnosed with elevated BP, and yet 39% of these were not receiving antihypertensive medication. 4 The goal of treatment in pediatric hypertension is to reduce BP below the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height or below the 90th percentile for those patients with comorbidity. 1 Lifestyle modifications, including a lowsodium diet, increased exercise, and ...

show abstract

Families and the natural history of blood pressureA 27-year follow-up study

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Repeated Blood Pressure Measurements in Childhood in Prediction of Hypertension in Adulthood

Repeated Blood Pressure Measurements in Childhood in Prediction of Hypertension in Adulthood

Effects of Parental Hypertension on Longitudinal Trends in Blood Pressure and Plasma Metabolic Profile

A Double-Blind, Dose-Response Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Olmesartan Medoxomil in Children and Adolescents with Hypertension

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About