Familiar felons: Gendered characterisations and narrative tropes in media representations of offending women 1905–2015

Abstract

This article contends that contemporary writings on the representation of offending women provide a simplified outline of ‘available’ representations. To nuance and further complicate our understanding, this study lays bare the most salient media characterisations of women perpetrators in Swedish press. In contrast to much previous research, it covers various offence types and an extensive period of time (1905–2015) and moves away from the focus on mega-cases and cases of extreme deviance. First, the study illustrates that characterisations are contingent and that there is a greater variety in ‘available’ representations than previous research suggests. The characterisations rather tend to move between and beyond the categories of bad, mad and sad. Second, the study makes visible the narrative continuities (across cases and over time) and analyses the social and cultural work of gendered characterisations. While steering attention to sense-making and the construction of familiarity, the article complicates the assumption that women’s deviance primarily or necessarily is represented as otherness.

The Covenant School Shooting: Media Coverage and Backlash against the Transgender Community

“…Specifically, media framing frequently results in the "gendering" of crime. Statistically, women offend at far lower rates than men; thus, cases involving female offenders are deemed newsworthy and receive more media coverage and visibility (Sandman 2022;Estrada et al 2016;Greenfeld and Snell 1999). News reports on female offenders are also more likely to provide reasons for the offense (30% of the time) compared to reports on male offenders (10% of the time) (Sandman 2022;Estrada et al 2019).…”

“…Statistically, women offend at far lower rates than men; thus, cases involving female offenders are deemed newsworthy and receive more media coverage and visibility (Sandman 2022;Estrada et al 2016;Greenfeld and Snell 1999). News reports on female offenders are also more likely to provide reasons for the offense (30% of the time) compared to reports on male offenders (10% of the time) (Sandman 2022;Estrada et al 2019). The media typically characterizes female offenders as "bad, mad, or sad" (Berrington and Honkatukia 2002;Brennan and Vandenberg 2009;Easteal et al 2015).…”

“…The media typically characterizes female offenders as "bad, mad, or sad" (Berrington and Honkatukia 2002;Brennan and Vandenberg 2009;Easteal et al 2015). Generally, the female offender is portrayed as either a demonic woman with premeditated ill intent or as a victim of medical and/or mental illness (Sandman 2022).…”