Familiality of temperament in bipolar disorder: support for a genetic spectrum

Evans, Lynn; Akiskal, Hagop S.; Keck, Paul E.; McElroy, Susan L.; Sadovnick, A. Dessa; Remick, Ronald A.; Kelsoe, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2003.10.015

Cited by 160 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…On the other hand, Sato et al (2001) demonstrated that the TCI has a high internal consistency and a factor structure that is robust against mild to moderate states of depression (as it is in this study). Although we studied mostly symptomatic BD patients, our results replicated most of the previous findings of temperament and character traits in euthymic BD subjects (Young et al, 1995;Osher et al, 1996;Osher et al, 1999;Blairy et al, 2000;Engstrom et al, 2004a;Evans et al, 2005). Therefore, although mood state effects are possible, it is unlikely that they explain our findings of personality differences between BD patients and healthy individuals.…”

Section: Personality Differences In Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Alsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Bipolar patients also presented higher levels of self-transcendence in comparison with healthy individuals, and moreover, self-transcendence had a positive correlation with length of illness. One study also showed higher self-transcendence scores in bipolar patients compared with healthy individuals (Evans et al, 2005). This character trait may confer adaptive advantages in face of suffering and death (Cloninger et al, 1994) and therefore, we speculate whether higher self-transcendence in bipolar patients represent an adaptive process of dealing with their condition.…”

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Two other studies support the conclusion that bipolar patients differ from healthy individuals in self-directedness (Engstrom et al, 2004a;Evans et al, 2005). By definition, character traits are progressive and depend on the unique and multiple experiences an individual has throughout life.…”

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 84%

“…While higher harm avoidance has been consistently linked to mood disorders in general (Cloninger et al, 1994;Brown et al, 1992;Joffe et al, 1993;Hirano et al, 2002), and with bipolar disorder in particular (Blairy et al, 2000;Osher et al, 1996;Osher et al, 1999;Engstrom et al, 2004a;Evans et al, 2005), higher novelty seeking in bipolar patients compared to both unipolar patients and healthy individuals has been reported by one study (Young et al, 1995). In the same study, bipolar patients presented higher novelty seeking than unipolar patients, and both groups had higher harm avoidance than the healthy control group, indicating that the combination of higher novelty seeking and harm avoidance might be a characteristic of bipolarity.…”

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Character traits (self-directedness, cooperativeness and self-transcendence) represent concepts about self and personal relations, which are regulated by supervisory cognitive processes that develop throughout life (Cloninger et al, 1994;Cloninger et al, 2005). When compared to healthy individuals, bipolar patients achieve higher scores on novelty seeking (Young et al, 1995;Osher et al, 1999;Evans et al, 2005), harm avoidance (Young et al, 1995;Osher et al, 1996;Engstrom et al, 2004a;Evans et al, 2005) and reward dependence (Osher et al, 1996), and lower scores on persistence (Osher et al, 1996;Osher et al, 1999) and self-directedness (Engstrom et al, 2004a;Evans et al, 2005). In bipolar disorder, higher scores on harm avoidance were also associated with early onset of disease and fewer suicide attempts (Engstrom et al, 2003;Engstrom et al, 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperament and character traits in patients with bipolar disorder and associations with comorbid alcoholism or anxiety disorders

Nery

Hatch

Glahn

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Temperament and character traits may determine differences in clinical presentations and outcome of bipolar disorder. We compared personality traits in bipolar patients and healthy individuals using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and sought to verify whether comorbidity with alcoholism or anxiety disorders is associated with specific personality traits. Seventy three DSM-IV bipolar patients were compared to 63 healthy individuals using the TCI. In a second step, the bipolar sample was subgrouped according to the presence of psychiatric comorbidity (alcoholism, n = 10; anxiety disorders; n = 23; alcoholism plus anxiety disorders, n = 21; no comorbidity, n = 19). Bipolar patients scored statistically higher than the healthy individuals on novelty seeking, harm avoidance and self-transcendence and lower on self-directedness and cooperativeness. Bipolar patients with only comorbid alcoholism scored statistically lower than bipolar patients without any comorbidity on persistence. Bipolar patients with only comorbid anxiety disorders scored statistically higher on harm avoidance and lower on self-directedness than bipolar patients without any comorbidity. Limitations of this study include the cross-sectional design and the small sample size, specifically Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. in the analysis of the subgroups. However, our results suggest that bipolar patients exhibit a different personality structure than healthy individuals and that presence of psychiatric comorbidity in bipolar disorder is associated with specific personality traits. These findings suggest that personality, at least to some extent, mediates the comorbidity phenomena in bipolar disorder.

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Section: Personality Differences In Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Alsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Personality Differences Between Bipolar Patients and Healthymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Temperament and character traits in patients with bipolar disorder and associations with comorbid alcoholism or anxiety disorders

Nery

Hatch

Glahn

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Multisystem Component Phenotypes of Bipolar Disorder for Genetic Investigations of Extended Pedigrees

et al. 2014

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Suggestive linkage of a chromosomal locus on 18p11 to cyclothymic temperament in bipolar disorder families

Evans

Akiskal

Greenwood

et al. 2007

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Attempts to identify bipolar disorder (BP) genes have only enjoyed limited success. One potential cause for this problem is that the traditional categorical BP phenotypes currently used in genetic linkage studies are not the most informative, efficient, or biologically relevant. An alternative to these strict categorical BP phenotypes is quantitative BP phenotypes. By isolating one aspect of a complex trait such as BP into a simple, intermediate, quantitative trait, genes that contribute to the larger complex trait can be more readily identified. Along these lines, we utilized a temperament-based measure (cyclothymic temperament) as a quantitative, intermediate BP phenotype in linkage analyses and hypothesized that this measure might more efficiently detect loci for BP or temperamental traits that predispose to BP. A total of 158 individuals with temperament data from 28 BP families were used in the linkage analyses. All pedigrees had a proband diagnosed with BPI or BPII and at least two other family members with a mood disorder diagnosis. An 8 cM genome scan was performed and analyzed using MERLIN nonparametric multipoint regression linkage for a cyclothymic temperament trait. The highest overall LOD score was on chromosome 18 (LOD = 2.71, P = 0.0002). Other linkage peaks which may indicate potential regions of interest were found on chromosomes 3 and 7. The temperament-based cyclothymic trait yielded a higher peak LOD score and a lower P-value than analyses using traditional, categorical phenotypes in a separate analysis including these same families.

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Familiality of temperament in bipolar disorder: support for a genetic spectrum

Abstract: Background: The array of different diagnoses and clinical presentations seen in the family

Cited by 160 publications

References 50 publications

Temperament and character traits in patients with bipolar disorder and associations with comorbid alcoholism or anxiety disorders

Temperament and character traits in patients with bipolar disorder and associations with comorbid alcoholism or anxiety disorders

Multisystem Component Phenotypes of Bipolar Disorder for Genetic Investigations of Extended Pedigrees

Suggestive linkage of a chromosomal locus on 18p11 to cyclothymic temperament in bipolar disorder families

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