Familial patterns of impairment in reading disability.

Foch, Terryl T.; DeFries, John C.; McClearn, Gerald E.; Singer, Sandra Manes

doi:10.1037/0022-0663.69.4.316

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Mean age for both groups was 12.8 years. Although the developmental design was crosssectional, over 90% of the disabled subjects between 12.8 and 16.8 years of age had been ascertained to be reading disabled 5 years prior to the present study (Foch, DeFries, McClearn, & Singer, 1977). Longitudinal data on these subjects have been described by Baker et al (in press).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of phonetic memory in disabled and normal readers

Olson¹,

Davidson²,

Kliegl³

et al. 1984

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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Development of phonetic memory in disabled and normal readers U n i v e r s i t ä t P o t s d a mHumanwissenschaftliche Fakultät Most contemporary researchers agree that reading is parasitic on language and that individual differences in reading ability are related to differences in language skills (cf. Frith, 1981;Gleitman & Rozin, 1977; Shankweiler & Liberman, 1976; Vellutino, 1977 Vellutino, , 1979. Support for this view has been provided by several recent studies of memory for linguistic stimuli, reviewed below, wherein normal readers showed significant evidence of phonetic memory codes while disabled readers did not. However, this research has been confined to young readers in the second grade. Little is known about the development of memory codes and their association with reading

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Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of phonetic memory in disabled and normal readers

Olson¹,

Davidson²,

Kliegl³

et al. 1984

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

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“…The Colorado Perceptual Speed Test (CPS): Rotatable Letters and Numbers was specifically constructed for the Colorado Family Reading Study and was found to be one of the most reliable (DeFries, Singer, Foch, & Lewitter, 1978) and discriminating (Foch, DeFries, McClearn, & Singer, 1977) tests in that battery. In the revised form (Decker, 1989), letter strings are organized into three sections: phonetically similar letters (e.g.…”

Section: Measures Of Psmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing Speed Deficits in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Reading Disability

Shanahan

Pennington

Yerys

et al. 2006

J Abnorm Child Psychol

303

283

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The goal of the current study was to test whether deficits in processing speed (PS) may be a shared cognitive risk factor in reading disability (RD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which are known to be comorbid. Literature on ADHD and RD suggests that deficits on tasks with a speeded component are seen in both of these disorders individually. The current study examined a wide range of speeded tasks in RD, ADHD, comorbid RD+ADHD, and a control group to test whether RD and ADHD have similar profiles of PS deficits, and whether these deficits are shared by the two disorders. The results suggest that a general PS deficit exists in both clinical groups compared to controls, although children with RD demonstrate greater PS deficits than children with ADHD. Two tests (underadditivity and partial correlations) were conducted to test whether these PS deficits are shared. Since we found that PS deficits were underadditive in the comorbid group and that partialling PS reduced the correlation between RD and ADHD, it appears that PS is a shared cognitive risk factor that may help explain the comorbidity of these two disorders.

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“…The Colorado Perceptual Speed (CPS) Rotatable Letters and Numbers subtest (Foch et al 1977) is a measure of symbol processing speed. There are two parts to the test, each containing 30 items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of cognitive profiles: Monozygotic and dizygotic reading-disabled twins

Decker²

1989

Read Writ

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AEKTRACT: Previous twin studies have provided evidence for genetic intluences on reading disability (RD) or "normal" reading ability. The existence of subtypes of RDeach with its characteristic cognitive profile -has been suggested. Whether the etiology of the particular subtypes is genetic is uncertain. The present study examined within-pair comparisons of cognitive profiles (with respect to composites of general reading, symbol processing speed and sequential memory) in RD and control twins. Twin profile analysis were applied to these cognitive composites on 120 pairs of RD and control twins. Results showed a greater monozygotic (MZ) than dizygotic (DZ) resemblance in profiles indicating that individual differences in the patterning of cognitive abilities related to reading are genetically influenced.Past twin studies on reading have focused on the genetic etiology of either reading disability (RD) or "normal" reading ability. Studies on RD have utilized samples of twins in which the index case has been diagnosed as having a reading disorder whereas studies on normal reading ability have utilized samples of "normal" twins. Evidence of significant genetic influence on both normal reading ability and reading disability has been provided from these studies (Harris 1986). For example, twin studies on "normal" reading ability have consistently 'reported higher intraclass correlations for monozygotic (MZ) twins than for dizygotic (DZ) twins (e.g. Husen 1960, Vandenberg 1962, Matheny and Dolan 1974. Likewise, studies on RD twins (e.g. Bakwin 1973, DeFries Fulker and LaBuda 1987, Zerbin-Rudin 1967 have supported a genetic etiology of individuals with deviant reading performance. Past studies have not utilized a design that includes both affected and control twins. The assessment of the same battery of psychological tests on both groups is useful as a first step to test whether the etiology of the disability differs from that of individual variations within the normal range of reading ability.While older studies were based largely on rather subjective measures Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal 1 (1989) 6 l-72.0 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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Familial patterns of impairment in reading disability.

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Development of phonetic memory in disabled and normal readers

Development of phonetic memory in disabled and normal readers

Processing Speed Deficits in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Reading Disability

A comparative analysis of cognitive profiles: Monozygotic and dizygotic reading-disabled twins

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