Familial liability to psychosis is a risk factor for multimorbidity in people with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Islam, Md. Atiqul; Khan, M.F.H.; Quee, Piotr J.; Snieder, Harold; Heuvel, Edwin R. van den; Bruggeman, Richard; Alizadeh, Berhooz Z.; Bartels-Velthuis, Agna A.; Beveren, Nico J. van; Cahn, Wiepke; Haan, Lieuwe de; Delespaul, Philippe; Meijer, Carin J.; Myin-Germeys, Inez; Kahn, René S.; Schirmbeck, Frederike; Simons, Claudia; Haren, Neeltje E. van; Os, Jim van; Winkel, Ruud van

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.05.001

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…Due to shared liability genes and clustering of socioenvironmental adversity within families, the risk of developing psychotic disorder is found to be stronger in relatives of patients compared with the general population (Cardno et al, 1999; Linscott & van Os, 2013; van Os et al, 2017). This is also reflected at a phenomenologically and temporally early stage in an increased prevalence of subclinical psychotic symptoms in siblings of patients with a psychotic disorder (Islam et al, 2017; van Os et al, 2017). This begs the question, which processes and mechanisms operate in individuals with increased familial liability in pathways to psychotic disorders (Guloksuz et al, 2019; van Os et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There is good evidence that both genetic and socioenvironmental factors increase the risk for psychosis (Guloksuz et al, 2019; Kirkbride et al, 2012; Morgan et al, 2010; van Os et al, 2017). Several twin and family studies have shown that the risk of developing a psychotic disorder is increased in first-degree relatives of patients with the disorder (Guloksuz et al, 2019; van Os et al, 2017), which suggests a familial liability to psychosis (Islam et al, 2017). Due to shared liability genes and clustering of socioenvironmental adversity within families, the risk of developing psychotic disorder is found to be stronger in relatives of patients compared with the general population (Cardno et al, 1999; Linscott & van Os, 2013; van Os et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Self-esteem and psychosis in daily life: An experience sampling study.

Daemen¹,

Amelsvoort²,

Investigators³

et al. 2022

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science

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Evidence suggests that self-esteem is an important mechanism in pathways to psychosis. However, whether low or high self-esteem is associated with psychotic experiences remains unclear. Besides, a limited number of studies has investigated fluctuations in state self-esteem in psychotic patients. This study investigated cross-sectional and temporal associations of momentary self-esteem and fluctuations in self-esteem with psychotic symptoms in three groups with different levels of (familial) liability to psychotic disorder. Using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), momentary self-esteem, fluctuations in self-esteem (i.e., variability and instability), and psychotic experiences, paranoia, negative symptoms (i.e., event anhedonia and social anhedonia), intensity of negative affect and altered affective experiences (instability and variability in negative affect) were assessed in 147 psychotic patients, 131 of their siblings and 113 controls. Lower levels of momentary self-esteem were associated with an increased intensity of psychotic experiences, paranoia and negative affect, with the magnitude of the associations

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-esteem and psychosis in daily life: An experience sampling study.

Daemen¹,

Amelsvoort²,

Investigators³

et al. 2022

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Evidence for familial liability to psychosis [ 16 - 18 ] shows that first-degree relatives of patients with psychosis have an increased risk of developing psychotic disorders [ 17 , 19 ]. In addition, although exposure to childhood trauma is higher in patients with psychotic disorders, patients and their siblings share a degree of exposure to childhood trauma [ 20 ], as they also share many sociodemographic, parental, and developmental characteristics [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary Self-esteem as a Process Underlying the Association Between Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: Experience Sampling Study

Daemen,

van Amelsvoort,

Reininghaus

2023

JMIR Ment Health

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Background Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with an increased risk of developing and maintaining psychotic symptoms later in life. Self-esteem might be an important psychological process underlying the association between childhood trauma and psychosis, but there is only limited evidence to support this claim, especially in daily life. Objective In this study, we aimed to investigate whether exposure to childhood trauma (physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and physical and emotional neglect) moderates the cross-sectional and temporal associations between self-esteem and psychotic experiences in patients with psychotic disorders, their first-degree relatives, and controls. Methods We assessed momentary self-esteem and psychotic experiences in daily life using the experience sampling method in 139 patients with psychotic disorders, 118 first-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorders, and 111 controls. Childhood trauma was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We fitted linear mixed models and added two-way and three-way interaction terms to test the hypotheses. Results The association between momentary self-esteem and psychotic experiences in daily life was modified by prior exposure to high versus low levels of several types of childhood trauma, that is, physical (χ22=24.9, family-wise error-corrected P<.001) and sexual abuse (χ22=15.9, P<.001) and physical neglect (χ22=116.7, P<.001). Specifically, momentary self-esteem was associated with more intense psychotic experiences in patients exposed to high versus low levels of physical neglect, in relatives exposed to high versus low levels of physical abuse, and in relatives and controls exposed to high versus low levels of sexual abuse. When investigating temporal order, the results showed no evidence that childhood trauma modified the temporal associations between self-esteem at tn-1 and psychotic experiences at tn or those between psychotic experiences at tn-1 and self-esteem at tn. Conclusions The association between self-esteem and psychotic experiences in daily life was found to be stronger in those exposed to high versus low levels of several types of childhood trauma (ie, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect).

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“…Psychometric risk states can be characterized by nonspecific distress and attenuated symptoms that are not disorder specific, thereby implying a transdiagnostic perspective on early stages of mental disorders [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. In addition, there is evidence for an increased familial liability to severe mental disorders, such as psychosis [ 8 ] and major depression [ 9 , 10 ], suggesting that even relatives without a formal diagnosis of a disorder can be placed closer toward clinical thresholds on the continuum of mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Affective Recovery in Daily Life as a Momentary Mechanism Across Subclinical and Clinical Stages of Mental Disorder: Experience Sampling Study

Ader¹,

Schick²,

Simons³

et al. 2022

JMIR Ment Health

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Background Identifying momentary risk and protective mechanisms may enhance our understanding and treatment of mental disorders. Affective stress reactivity is one mechanism that has been reported to be altered in individuals with early and later stages of mental disorder. Additionally, initial evidence suggests individuals with early and enduring psychosis may have an extended recovery period of negative affect in response to daily stressors (ie, a longer duration until affect reaches baseline levels after stress), but evidence on positive affective recovery as a putative protective mechanism remains limited. Objective This study aimed to investigate trajectories of positive affect in response to stress across the continuum of mental disorder in a transdiagnostic sample. Methods Using the Experience Sampling Method, minor activity-, event-, and overall stress and positive affect were assessed 10 times a day, with time points approximately 90 minutes apart on six consecutive days in a pooled data set including 367 individuals with a mental disorder, 217 individuals at risk for a severe mental disorder, and 227 controls. Multilevel analysis and linear contrasts were used to investigate trajectories of positive affect within and between groups. Results Baseline positive affect differed across groups, and we observed stress reactivity in positive affect within each group. We found evidence for positive affective recovery after reporting activity- or overall stress within each group. While controls recovered to baseline positive affect about 90 minutes after stress, patients and at-risk individuals required about 180 minutes to recover. However, between-group differences in the affective recovery period fell short of significance (all P>.05). Conclusions The results provide first evidence that positive affective recovery may be relevant within transdiagnostic subclinical and clinical stages of mental disorder, suggesting that it may be a potential target for mobile health interventions fostering resilience in daily life.

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Familial liability to psychosis is a risk factor for multimorbidity in people with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Abstract: Multimorbidity is a common burden, significantly more prevalent in patients and their unaffected siblings. Familial liability to psychosis showed an independent effect on multimorbidity; gender and age are also important factors determining multimorbidity.

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Self-esteem and psychosis in daily life: An experience sampling study.

Self-esteem and psychosis in daily life: An experience sampling study.

Momentary Self-esteem as a Process Underlying the Association Between Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: Experience Sampling Study

Positive Affective Recovery in Daily Life as a Momentary Mechanism Across Subclinical and Clinical Stages of Mental Disorder: Experience Sampling Study

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