Familial factors, diet, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort analysis of the UK Biobank

Zhang, Hanyue; Zeng, Yanru; Yang, Huazhen; Hu, Yihan; Hu, Yao; Chen, Wenwen; Ying, Zhiye; Sun, Yajing; Qu, Yuanyuan; Li, Qian; Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur; Song, Huan

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab261

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The study analyzed interactions solely using the product term approach. One possible reason for discrepancies between our results and those by Zhang et al 12 may be that they used food frequency questionnaire data, whereas we used biomarkers. Further, the questionnaire they used did not separate questions about lean and oily fish, which may have hidden the beneficial effects of the n-3 EPA/DHA, which are found mainly in oily fish.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…However, a recent study by Zhang et al, based on the UK Biobank database, investigated interactions between self-reported dietary habits and family history of CVD in relation to the risk of future CVD. 12 Among the specific dietary factors considered, total fish consumption was found not to interact with a family history of CVD. The intake of vegetable oils or nuts was not specifically studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…3,10 Whether special emphases should also be placed on dietary interventions (beyond those to address the latter risk factors) for this high-risk group is not directly addressed in current guidelines, 3,10,11 and there is limited knowledge on whether family history of CVD calls for targeted dietary advice. 12 Among the dietary factors, particular attention in CVD prevention has been given to the quantity and type of fat consumed. 13 High intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), from oily fish and vegetable oils or nuts, has been consistently recommended for the prevention of CVD, while a balance between energy intake and expenditure is maintained.…”

Section: Laguzzi Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies

Laguzzi,

Åkesson,

Marklund

et al. 2024

Circulation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modifies the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with a family history of CVD. We assessed interactions between biomarkers of low PUFA intake and a family history in relation to long-term CVD risk in a large consortium. METHODS: Blood and tissue PUFA data from 40 885 CVD-free adults were assessed. PUFA levels ≤25th percentile were considered to reflect low intake of linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic acids (EPA/DHA). Family history was defined as having ≥1 first-degree relative who experienced a CVD event. Relative risks with 95% CI of CVD were estimated using Cox regression and meta-analyzed. Interactions were assessed by analyzing product terms and calculating relative excess risk due to interaction. RESULTS: After multivariable adjustments, a significant interaction between low EPA/DHA and family history was observed (product term pooled RR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.02–1.16]; P =0.01). The pooled relative risk of CVD associated with the combined exposure to low EPA/DHA, and family history was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.30–1.54), whereas it was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.16–1.33) for family history alone and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.98–1.14) for EPA/DHA alone, compared with those with neither exposure. The relative excess risk due to interaction results indicated no interactions. CONCLUSIONS: A significant interaction between biomarkers of low EPA/DHA intake, but not the other PUFA, and a family history was observed. This novel finding might suggest a need to emphasize the benefit of consuming oily fish for individuals with a family history of CVD.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Laguzzi Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies

Laguzzi,

Åkesson,

Marklund

et al. 2024

Circulation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A Gene-Diet Interaction Study from the UK Biobank showed that, compared with those in the lowest intraocular pressure (IOP) polygenic risk score (PRS) quartile who consumed no caffeine, those in the highest IOP PRS quartile who consumed ≥321 mg/day showed a 3.90-fold higher glaucoma prevalence [ 25 ]. Moreover, one current study suggested that genetic factors modified the association between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 26 ]. However, previous studies have typically focused on the separate effects of dietary factors and genetic factors on UGI cancer risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Diet, Polygenic Risk Score, and Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study from UK Biobank

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dietary and genetic factors are considered to be associated with UGI cancer risk. However, examinations of the effect of healthy diet on UGI cancer risk and the extent to which healthy diet modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on UGI cancer remains limited. Associations were analyzed through Cox regression of the UK Biobank data (n = 415,589). Healthy diet, based on “healthy diet score,” was determined according to fruit, vegetables, grains, fish, and meat consumption. We compared adherence to healthy diet and the risk of UGI cancer. We also constructed a UGI polygenic risk score (UGI-PRS) to assess the combined effect of genetic risk and healthy diet. For the results high adherence to healthy diet reduced 24% UGI cancer risk (HR high-quality diet: 0.76 (0.62–0.93), p = 0.009). A combined effect of high genetic risk and unhealthy diet on UGI cancer risk was observed, with HR reaching 1.60 (1.20–2.13, p = 0.001). Among participants with high genetic risk, the absolute five-year incidence risk of UGI cancer was significantly reduced, from 0.16% to 0.10%, by having a healthy diet. In summary, healthy diet decreased UGI cancer risk, and individuals with high genetic risk can attenuate UGI cancer risk by adopting a healthy diet.

show abstract

The interaction of diet, alcohol, genetic predisposition, and the risk of breast cancer: a cohort study from the UK Biobank

Zhu,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2023

Eur J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Dietary factors have consistently been associated with breast cancer risk. However, there is limited evidence regarding their associations in women with different genetic susceptibility to breast cancer, and their interaction with alcohol consumption is also not well understood. Methods We analyzed data from 261,853 female participants in the UK Biobank. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between dietary factors and breast cancer risk. Additionally, we assessed the interaction of dietary factors with alcohol consumption and polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer. Results A moderately higher risk of breast cancer was associated with the consumption of processed meat (HR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03, 1.18, p-trend = 0.016). Higher intake of raw vegetables and fresh fruits, and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern were inversely associated with breast cancer risk [HR (95% CI):0.93 (0.88–0.99), 0.87 (0.81, 0.93) and 0.93 (0.86–1.00), p for trend: 0.025, < 0.001, and 0.041, respectively]. Furthermore, a borderline significant interaction was found between alcohol consumption and the intake of processed meat with regard to breast cancer risk (P for interaction = 0.065). No multiplicative interaction was observed between dietary factors and PRS. Conclusion Processed meat was positively associated with breast cancer risk, and vegetables, fruits, and healthy dietary patterns were negatively associated with breast cancer risk. We found no strong interaction of dietary factors with alcohol consumption and genetic predisposition for risk of breast cancer.

show abstract

Familial factors, diet, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort analysis of the UK Biobank

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies

Healthy Diet, Polygenic Risk Score, and Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study from UK Biobank

The interaction of diet, alcohol, genetic predisposition, and the risk of breast cancer: a cohort study from the UK Biobank

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About