Familial clustering of cancer at human papillomavirus‐associated sites according to the Swedish Family‐Cancer Database

Abstract

Familial aggregation of cervical cancer has been demonstrated previously, however aggregation of other human papillomavirus‐associated anogenital, upper aerodigestive tract and skin cancers has not been fully characterized. The Swedish Family‐Cancer Database, which contains reliable data on cancer incidence and nuclear family linkages for all residents of Sweden between 1958 and 2004, was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals for offspring site‐specific cancer risks according to site‐specific cancer in sibling and parental probands. Offspring cancer risk was significantly increased when either a sibling or parent was affected at the same site for penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, SIR = 7.54), cervical adenocarcinoma (AC, SIR = 2.31), vulvar SCC (SIR = 2.27), skin SCC (SIR = 2.14), rectal AC (SIR = 1.86), in situ cervical SCC (SIR = 1.80), invasive cervical SCC (SIR = 1.77) and upper aerodigestive tract SCC (SIR = 1.57). Significant aggregation on the order of 2‐fold between anogenital cancers at different sites or histologies was also observed. In situ cervical SCC risk in offspring was strongly influenced by siblings affected with oropharyngeal SCC (SIR = 3.17) and tonsillar SCC (SIR = 1.84). Familial skin SCC was largely unassociated with anogenital or upper aerodigestive tract cancer risk in offspring. These data suggest that common host factors exist among individuals affected with anogenital and upper aerodigestive tract cancers. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Epidemiological and Histological Profile of Cervical Cancer in Cameroon: About 2078 Cases

“…However, more cases of adenocarcinoma were registered in their series, 17% [26]. According to studies, cervical squamous cell carcinoma risk is 74% -80% higher in women with a first-degree relative with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, compared to the general population [27]. Cervical adenocarcinoma risk is 39% -69% higher in women with a first-degree relative with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, compared to the general population, a number of studies showed [27].…”

“…According to studies, cervical squamous cell carcinoma risk is 74% -80% higher in women with a first-degree relative with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, compared to the general population [27]. Cervical adenocarcinoma risk is 39% -69% higher in women with a first-degree relative with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, compared to the general population, a number of studies showed [27]. Cervical squamous cell risk is 15% higher in women who have had 1 full-term pregnancy than in those who have never had; the risk increases with the number of fullterm pregnancies [28].…”

Genetic and epigenetic variation in vulvar cancer: Current research and future clinical practice

“…The difference between these two approaches is that somatic variants provide insight into the pathways involved in disease causation, subtypes or progression, offering potential drug targets or prognosis information, whereas inherited variants provide information regarding who is at greater risk of developing the disease, as well as informing disease aetiology. The heritability of VSCC has not been quantified, although familial clustering has been reported in Sweden and Australia, which is suggestive of a role for inherited genetic risk factors . It is also notable that heritability has been estimated to explain 27% of the variability in risk of cervical cancer, with inherited genetic variants thought to influence susceptibility to and persistence of HPV infection, and time to development of cancer …”

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the DNA repair genes in HPV-positive cervical cancer

“…Host genetic factors may play a role in cervical carcinogenesis and are believed to influence persistence of HPV infection and perhaps progression to cervical cancer (Hemminki et al, 1999;Czene et al, 2002;Hildesheim and Wang, 2002;Carrington et al, 2005;Hemminki and Chen, 2006;Hussain et al, 2008). The role of nongenetic cofactors in persistence and progression has been well studied, but there are very few studies on the role of host genetic factors in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.…”