False Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Due to Recent Vaccination

Anjum, Qudsia

doi:10.12816/0006085

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In the case of malaria, reasons that could be advanced for this observation would include delayed clearance of HRP2 after parasite clearance [10,11]or cross reactivity with other infections such as typhoid, schistosomiasis and hepatitis C virus [12][13][14]. In the case of HBV infection evidence abounds of false positive HBsAg reactivity; which is well known and attributed to recent hepatitis B vaccination [15,16]. That notwithstanding, the RDTs performed excellently in discriminating for the infections when compared with the PCRs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, false positive HRP2 results have been reported in endemic regions [9], and reasons have been ascribed to prolonged presence of HRP2 after parasite clearance [10,11] or cross reactivity with other infections such as typhoid fever, hepatitis C and schistosomiasis [12][13][14]. Also, concerns about false positive HBsAg reactivity has been reported, which may be associated with recent hepatitis B vaccination [15,16]. However, it is not known whether false positive HRP2 and HBsAg results could be a contributing factor to the high prevalence rates of the diseases reported amongst pregnant women in Ghana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

et al. 2019

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Background High prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B has been reported among pregnant women in Ghana. In endemic areas, the diagnoses of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women on antenatal visits are done using histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), respectively, which are, however, reported to give some false positive results. Also, socioeconomic determinants have been drawn from these RDTs results which may have questionable implications. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B by comparing RDTs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) outcomes, and relating the PCR prevalence with socioeconomic status among pregnant women in Northern Ghana. Methods We screened 2071 pregnant women on their first antenatal visit for Plasmodium falciparum and hepatitis B virus (HBV) using HRP2 and HBsAg RDTs, and confirming the infections with PCR. Socioeconomic and obstetric information were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, and associations with the infections were determined using Pearson's chisquare and multinomial logistic regression analyses at a significance level of p<0.05. Results The prevalence of the infections by RDTs/PCR was: 14.1%/13.4% for P. falciparum monoinfection, 7.9%/7.5% for HBV mono-infection, and 1.9%/1.7% for P. falciparum/HBV coinfection. No statistical difference in prevalence rates were observed between the RDTs and PCRs (χ 2 = 0.119, p = 0.73 for malaria and χ 2 = 0.139, p = 0.709 for hepatitis B). Compared with PCRs, the sensitivity/specificity of the RDTs was 97.5%/99.1% and 97.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

et al. 2019

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“…This raises the question of whether sampling the process of reading the data using the tool has been standardized for accuracy and validated. It has been postulated that differences in tissue uptake, body composition, and muscle blood flow may affect the plasma vaccine antigen concentrations in patients previously vaccinated against HBV [ 18 ]. In addition, transient HBsAg-positive results can result from early, late, and variable uptake of vaccine antigens from the muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Hepatitis B Elimination Program on Maternal-Infant Health in West Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anwar,

Nugrahani,

Santoso

et al. 2023

Med Sci Monit

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy is a significant concern due to the risk of vertical transmission to the newborn, posing serious health complications. Understanding the effectiveness of intervention programs is paramount, especially in regions where comprehensive research is sparse. This study delves into the efficacy of the HBV elimination program in Garut Regency, West Java, Indonesia, targeting pregnant women and their newborns. Material/Methods This cross-sectional research encompassed 100 HBsAg-positive pregnant women who delivered at a singular facility in Garut Regency and their 62 offspring. Clinical data collection was rigorous, and HBsAg status was determined using rapid test kits, employing the precision of the 2-sided sandwich assay immunochromatography method. Data interpretation was multifaceted, involving univariate, bivariate, and multiple regression logistic analyses. Results Notably, 16.95% of women, previously diagnosed as HBsAg-negative by initial health assessments, were subsequently diagnosed as positive at the specialized referral hospital. A noteworthy finding was that children administered with the HBV vaccine manifested a significantly diminished Positive-HBsAg status ( P =0.029). Intriguingly, a majority of the maternal variables displayed a direct correlation with the HBsAg status of their offspring. The protective role of the HBV vaccine against HBV infection stood out distinctly (OR=0.326; CI 0.019–5.554; P =0.029). Conclusions While our center successfully met the desired HBsAg testing coverage in pregnant women, the administration of the hepatitis B vaccine to infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers lags behind the intended target. Emphasizing the vaccination’s vital role, our study underscores its significance as a frontline defense for such infants.

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“…Earlier studies in various populations, ranging from infants and adults to healthy blood donors and patients undergoing hemodialysis, have revealed a transient hepatitis B surface antigenemia after patients have received immunization with the older 2 vaccines, which resolved at 3 weeks' follow-up. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] We hypothesize that a similar phenomenon may be observed with Heplisav-B administration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Transient Hepatitis B Surface Antigenemia Following Immunization with Heplisav-B

Campioli

Garrigos

Assi

et al. 2021

Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes

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Objective: To delineate the rate and duration of transient hepatitis B surface antigenemia following Heplisav-B vaccination. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all adult patients who received Heplisav-B vaccination at our institution from January 1, 2019, through March 31, 2020, and who had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing within 30 days following immunization. Patients with laboratory evidence of prior hepatitis B virus infection or immunization were excluded. Results: A total of 39 of 1933 patients were tested for HBsAg within 30 days after completing the Heplisav-B vaccination series; of these 39, only 6 (15.4 %) had a positive HBsAg result. Compared with the patients with negative HBsAg results, those with a positive HBsAg result had a significantly lower body mass index (24.8 kg/m 2 [interquartile range (IQR), 23 to 26.4 kg/m 2 ] vs 28.6 kg/m 2 [IQR, 26.4 to 30.6 kg/m 2 ]; P¼.01) and higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (2 of 6 [33.3%] vs 2 of 33 [6%]; P¼.04). The timing of HBsAg testing after completing the vaccination series in the HBsAg-positive group was significantly earlier compared with that of the HBsAg-negative group (2 days [IQR, 0.43 to 2.25 days) vs 12 days [IQR, 10 to 15 days]; P¼.0008). Active hepatitis B infection was excluded in all 6 patients. In the HBsAg-positive group, the median time from the date of Heplisav-B administration to a negative HBsAg test result was 17 days (IQR, 8 to 36 days). Conclusion:As with all conventional hepatitis B vaccines, transient hepatitis B surface antigenemia can be observed with Heplisav-B vaccine, particularly in those with chronic kidney disease and low body mass index.

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False Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Due to Recent Vaccination

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

Prevalence of malaria and hepatitis B among pregnant women in Northern Ghana: Comparing RDTs with PCR

Assessing the Impact of Hepatitis B Elimination Program on Maternal-Infant Health in West Java, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Transient Hepatitis B Surface Antigenemia Following Immunization with Heplisav-B

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