False Data Injection Attack Detection based on Hilbert-Huang Transform in AC Smart Islands

Abstract

In Smart Island (SI) systems, the operators of power distribution system usually utilize actual-time measurement information as the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to have accurate, efficient, advanced control and monitoring. SI system can be vulnerable to complicated information integrity attacks such as False Data Injection Attack (FDIA) on some equipment including sensors and controllers, which can generate misleading operational decision in the system. Today, lack of detailed research in the evaluation of power system that links the FDIAs with system stability is felt, and it will be important for both assessment of the effect of cyber-attack and taking preventive protection measures. In this regards, time-frequency-based differential approach is proposed for SI cyber-attack detection according to non-stationary signal assessment. In this paper, non-stationary signal processing approach of Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is performed for the FDIA detection in several case studies. Since various critical case studies with a small FDIA in data where accurate and efficient detection can be a challenge, the simulation results confirm the efficiency of HHT approach. In this research, the configuration of the SI test case is developed in the MATLAB software with several Distributed Generations (DGs). As a result, it is found that the HHT approach is completely efficient and reliable for FDIA detection target in AC-SI. The simulation results verify that the proposed model is able to achieve accuracy rate of 93.17%.

Cyber-Attack Detection and Cyber-Security Enhancement in Smart DC-Microgrid Based on Blockchain Technology and Hilbert Huang Transform

“…In this work, the input to HHT technique consists of 200 patterns. HHT is completely sensitive to the signal magnitude changing and the Empirical mode decomposition of HHT has been used to compute the spectral energy based on equation (9). The spectral energy of HHT can detect various FDI attack and diagnose changing of loads by FDI attacks.…”

“…This equation provides the best local fit of a variable phase and amplitude of a trigonometric function up to g(t). However, HHT is only able to generate physically significant outcomes for so-named single-component signals [9]. The below Equation is defined the signal spectral energy:…”

“…Whole agents distribute their statuses via beacon messages. A position certificate is used, which is a digital affirmation that an agent is seated at a special position at a specific time [9]. Whole agent location requires having a position certificate to affirm their place at a certain time.…”

Blockchain-Based Securing of Data Exchange in a Power Transmission System Considering Congestion Management and Social Welfare

“…As a common way to destroy the integrity of information, the FDIA is able to interrupt the outcomes of state estimation analysis, therefore misleading the control center's decision. The FDIA was first introduced by Liu in 2009, and the FDIA's point is to conduct coordinated attacks on sensors, falsify specific measurements, and manipulate particular state estimation information [15,16].…”

Cyber-Attack Detection in DC Microgrids Based on Deep Machine Learning and Wavelet Singular Values Approach

“…Some research works on FDIA detection in power systems can be found in [19][20][21][22][23], which widely employ state estimation procedures, for instance, by using Kalman filters in [24], sparse optimization and state forecasting provided in [20], generalized likelihood ratio in [19], Kullback-Leibler distance in [25], Chi-square detector and also similarity matching in [26], and machine learning methods in [27]. But in this paper, FDIA detection has been considered in DC-MGs to detect FDIAs in voltage/current sensors and in the reference amount, actual amounts used in the controllers.…”