Falls and Social Isolation of Older Adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Pohl, Janet S.; Cochrane, Barbara B.; Schepp, Karen G.; Woods, Nancy Fúgate

doi:10.3928/19404921-20180216-02

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Social isolation was associated with increased reported falls after adjusting for age, gender, and ethnicity. This fits with research by Pohl et al in the USA who determined that social isolation is a good predictor of falls, though participants had an average age 10 years older than in this study ( 22 ). No similar studies have been performed in Malaysia or within South-East Asia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Social Participation’s Association with Falls and Frailty in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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Background: The global population is ageing rapidly, with the most dramatic increases in developing countries like Malaysia. Older people are at increased risk of multimorbidity, frailty and falls. Objectives: In this study we aimed to determine the relationship between social participation, frailty and falls in Malaysia. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 55 years and above selected from the electoral rolls of three Klang Valley parliamentary constituencies through stratified random sampling. They were invited to take part in a questionnaire and physical assessment as part of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study. Measurements: Fallers were individuals who had fallen in the previous year. Frailty was defined as meeting ≥3 of: low body mass index, reduced cognition, low physical activity, low hand-grip strength, and slow walking speed. Social participation was determined from employment status, social network, and community activity. Binomial logistic regression multivariant analysis was performed to identify links between the measures of social participation and falls and frailty. Results: The mean age of the 1383 participants was 68.5 years, with 57.1% female. Within the population, 22.9% were fallers and 9.3% were frail. Social isolation (OR= 2.119; 95% CI=1.351-3.324), and non-engagement in community activities (OR=2.548; 95% CI=1.107-5.865) were associated with increased frailty. Falls increased with social isolation (OR=1.327; 95% CI=1.004-1.754). Conclusions: Previous studies have shown social participation to be linked to frailty and falls risk, and social isolation to be a predictor of falls. In this study frailty was associated with all three social participation measures and history of falls was associated with social isolation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Social Participation’s Association with Falls and Frailty in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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“…‘Social isolation’, an objective measure of the lack of social contact and participation in activities, is well documented in older adults and is associated with poor outcomes, including increased burden of falls, frailty and mortality in the elderly [25, 26]. Poor mobility is considered one of the published etiologies for social isolation in the elderly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social isolation in chronic kidney disease and the role of mobility limitation

Moorthi

Latham-Mintus

2019

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with multiple comorbidities, hospitalizations and mortality. In older adults, social isolation and poor mobility contribute to these outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 (CKD Stages 3b–5) is associated with social isolation and that mobility limitation is a key driver of social isolation in patients with CKD. Methods Data from 9119 participants, ages 57–107 years, from the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study’s Venous Blood Study were used for this cross-sectional analysis. Kidney function measured by estimated GFR (eGFR) was the predictor and patients were classified as CKD Stages 3b–5 or non-CKD Stages 3b–5 (eGFR ≤45 or >45 mL/min/1.73 m2). The outcomes tested were mobility limitation assessed by self-report and social contact and participation measures assessed by the Psychosocial Life Questionnaire. The associations among kidney function, mobility and social isolation were examined with logistic and ordinary least squares regression, adjusted for covariates and testing for interaction with gender. Results Participants with CKD Stages 3b–5 (N = 999) compared with non-CKD Stages 3b–5 were older (74.9 versus 68.2 years, P < 0.001) and fewer were female (15% versus 58%, P < 0.001). CKD Stages 3b–5 were associated with higher odds of difficulty walking several blocks [odds ratio 1.44 (95% confidence interval 1.16–1.78)]. Participants with CKD Stages 3b–5 had reduced social contact and social participation (B = −0.23, P < 0.05; B = −0.62, P < 0.05, respectively). Women with CKD Stages 3b–5 were 2.7 times more likely to report difficulty walking several blocks than men with CKD Stages 3b–5, but social isolation in CKD Stages 3b–5 did not vary by gender. In CKD Stages 3b–5 patients, mobility limitation was a risk factor for reduced social contact and participation but did not explain the poor social contact and participation. Conclusion CKD Stages 3b–5 was associated with both mobility limitation and social isolation in a population-based study of older adults. In contrast to older adults without CKD Stages 3b–5, mobility limitation did not explain the lack of social contact and poor social participation, suggesting other factors are more important.

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“…Osteosarcopenia and social frailty are commonly associated with falls [ 23 , 24 ] and fractures [ 23 , 25 ]; however, the relationship between these two conditions has not been elucidated. Identifying the association between osteosarcopenia and social frailty may help develop effective intervention strategies for improved health and longevity and for preventing disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteosarcopenia, the co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is associated with social frailty in older adults

et al. 2021

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Background Osteosarcopenia is a newly described, aging-associated condition. Social frailty is an important condition whose prevalence may have risen by physical distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, the relationship between these two remains unclear. Aims To examine the association between osteosarcopenia and social frailty. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from outpatients visiting general geriatric hospital frailty clinics. Bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass were measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis was defined as a BMD of < 70% of the young adult mean, according to the Japan Osteoporosis Society. Sarcopenia was diagnosed as per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 recommendation. Osteosarcopenia was defined as the co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. We defined social frailty using a questionnaire comprising four items: general resources, social resources, social behavior, and basic social needs. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed with social frailty status and osteosarcopenia as the dependent and independent variables, respectively. Results We included 495 patients (mean age = 76.5 ± 7.2 years) in the analysis; of these, 58.2% were robust and 17.2%, 13.5%, and 11.1% had osteoporosis alone, sarcopenia alone, and osteosarcopenia, respectively. Social frailty prevalence increased stepwise from 8.0% in robust patients to 11.8%, 17.9%, and 29.1% among those with osteoporosis alone, sarcopenia alone, and osteosarcopenia, respectively ( P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that only osteosarcopenia was significantly associated with social frailty (pooled odds ratio: 2.117; 95% confidence interval: 1.104–4.213). Discussion Comprehensive assessment of osteosarcopenia and social frailty is needed for disability prevention in older adults.

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Falls and Social Isolation of Older Adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Cited by 33 publications

References 72 publications

Social Participation’s Association with Falls and Frailty in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Social Participation’s Association with Falls and Frailty in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Social isolation in chronic kidney disease and the role of mobility limitation

Osteosarcopenia, the co-existence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is associated with social frailty in older adults

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