Falls and impact on disability and healthy life expectancy in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS)

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Using a quasi-natural experiment of the implementation of the new Ambient Air Quality Standards in China, this paper assessed the impact of environmental information disclosure on public health. Our empirical results showed that environmental information disclosure (EID) largely improved both physical health and mental health. Moreover, we further investigated the air pollution channel, and the empirical results showed that EID could reduce the concentration of PM2.5, which could cause an increase in public health as the concentration of PM2.5 decreases. In addition, in terms of individual characteristics, the impact of EID was larger for men, people living in the countryside and people older than 60. In terms of the heterogeneity of cities, the impact of EID was larger in cities with higher public environmental concerns, and the impact of EID was more pronounced in core cities. For regional heterogeneity, the impact of EID on physical health was more pronounced in more developed regions, whereas the impact EID on mental health was higher in less developed regions.

Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does Environmental Information Disclosure Affect Public Health? Evidence from the New Ambient Air Quality Standards

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

“…People with cataracts are also more prone to depression and social isolation ( 5 ). Some studies have also found that cataracts pose other risks, such as increased falls, a common cause of death in older adults ( 6 , 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of cataracts and eye care utilization among adults aged 50 and above in rural Western China

Guan

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

BackgroundCataracts are highly prevalent in rural China, but patient utilization of eye care services is low. Cataract knowledge is regarded as an important factor in eye care utilization. Few studies, however, have been conducted to measure the level of cataract knowledge and its relationship with eye care utilization among older adults in rural China. Hence, we described cataract knowledge and investigated the relationships between cataract knowledge and eye care utilization among adults (≥50 years) in rural Western China.MethodsA large community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 among adults aged 50 years and older in 73 rural villages in Qingcheng County, Western China. The participants underwent an eye examination at their village clinic to determine whether they had cataracts. Participants also answered a questionnaire about cataracts, eye care utilization status, and sociodemographic characteristics. The collected data underwent descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe eye examinations revealed that 45.15% (675/1,495) of participants had cataracts in at least one eye, yet 90.67% (612/675) were left untreated. The average score achieved by participants about cataract knowledge was 4.91 points (total score was eight points). Correct knowledge about cataracts was positively associated with cataract screening and cataract surgery. Elders with better cataract knowledge were 2.21 times more likely to undergo cataract screening (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.54–3.16) and 5.61 times more likely to undergo cataract surgery (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 2.87–10.98). More than half had three fundamental misconceptions about how cataracts should be treated, how much they should cost, and when they should be treated. Participants who did not have these misconceptions were more likely to receive cataract screening by 1.21–2.02 times and cataract surgery by 1.76–3.48 times.ConclusionThere are misunderstandings about cataract treatment methods, treatment costs and timing in the sample areas. A better understanding of cataracts was significantly positively associated with cataract screening and cataract surgery. Health education on cataracts and regular eye examinations are needed to improve eye care utilization in rural China.

“…The last, i.e. the fourth research question (RQ4), will focus on real household income, as this reflects the amount of goods and services households can afford (Yang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in real income of households in the Czech Republic due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Vochozka,

Škapa,

Apanovych

2023

JESI

The objective of the paper was to assess the impact of the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation on real household income in the Czech Republic. The research methods used in the study include content analysis, seasonal modification of SARIMA, and discounting method, specifically NPV. Data were collected from publicly available sources of the Czech Statistical Office. Based on a content analysis of the macroeconomic indicators under study, inflation and gross monthly household income were selected to examine further development of real household income in the Czech Republic. Based on historical data, the SARIMA model made statistically relevant forecasts of the selected variables for the "pre-war" year 2022. Comparing real and forecast data, it was confirmed that the Russian invasion of Ukraine (from 24 th February 2022 onwards) has shown how vulnerable the European financial system is to external shocks, which can be observed in significant inflationary changes. The ability of the SARIMA model to handle a larger range of data and accurately determined seasonality was demonstrated in forecasting the development of real household income. The identified economic consequences of deviations of the real and forecast figures in the "pre-war" period showed new realities in turbulent economic conditions. In order to further expand the research, combining the applied method with other analytical tools can be recommended. Moreover, it is advisable to include new relevant variables in the model. This would allow understanding better and forecasting the development of real household income in the context of current economic events.