“…During the autumn floodup, when sufficient water deliveries are sent to the refuges, water levels are manipulated in each unit until the target level is reached (Tim Mayer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon, written commun., 2005). Mayer and Thomasson (2004) measured the volume of water needed to fill three representative seasonal-wetland units in the Lower Klamath refuge. In their study, this volume of water was also partitioned into soil saturation requirements, surfacewater volume, and evapotranspiration losses.…”