Fall survival of American woodcock in the western Great Lakes Region

Bruggink, John G.; Oppelt, Eileen; Doherty, Kevin E.; Andersen, David E.; Meunier, Jed; Lutz, R. Scott

doi:10.1002/jwmg.547

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These studies also suggest that hunting is an additive mortality factor, because annual survival rates for woodcock wintering in areas without hunting (Duriez et al 2005b, Aradis et al 2008) was higher than annual survival rate for woodcock in areas with hunting activity (Hoodless and Coulson 1994, Tavecchia et al 2002, Bauthian et al 2006; see also Bruggink et al 2013 for American Woodcock). According to that, and given that woodcock winter survival rates in this study varied in relation to hunting opportunity, this may indicate source-sink population dynamics among areas with different hunting pressure, as described in France (Péron et al 2011b and.…”

Section: Winter Survival Ratementioning

confidence: 95%

Factors influencing mobility and survival of Eurasian Woodcock wintering in Spain

Guzmán¹,

Caro²,

Arroyo³

2017

ACE

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ABSTRACT. Survival and mobility have important implications for population management for game species. These parameters are influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We describe movements (commuting flights between diurnal refuges and nocturnal feeding places; and escape flights during cold spells) and winter survival rate of Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) wintering in Spain. We also evaluate factors influencing these variables, using 51 radio-tracked birds over three winters (2008/2009, 2009/2010, and 2010/2011). Commuting flight distances were estimated at 961.5 ± 1041.9 m, and variations were mainly explained by age and temperature (they decreased with lower temperatures and were lower for first-winter birds). Three cold spells occurred in 2009/2010; 80% of woodcocks monitored that winter showed escape flights, moving > 20 km, and went back to their previous wintering place when the effects of cold spells finished (about 8 days later). Of monitored woodcocks, 54.9% survived the winter. The most frequent cause of death was hunting, affecting mainly first-winter birds. Woodcock survival was lower in areas with more hunting days per week, and in Mediterranean than in Atlantic climate regions. Our results highlight the importance of monitoring survival and factors affecting it. Also, these results underline the importance of developing future studies to understand the importance of Mediterranean regions, the use of refuge places during cold spells, and hunting pressure there. Facteurs agissant sur la mobilité et la survie de la Bécasse des bois hivernant en EspagneRÉSUMÉ. La survie et la mobilité sont des paramètres importants dans la gestion des populations pour les oiseaux gibier. Toutes deux sont influées par des facteurs tant intrinsèques qu'extrinsèques. La présente étude nous a permis de décrire les déplacements (vols quotidiens entre les refuges diurnes et les sites d'alimentation nocturne, et vols pour s'éloigner d'épisodes de froid) et la survie hivernale de la Bécasse des bois (Scolopax rusticola) hivernant en Espagne. Nous avons aussi évalué les facteurs qui agissent sur ces variables, au moyen de 51 oiseaux équipés de radio durant trois hivers (2008-2009, 2009-2010 et 2010-2011). La distance des vols quotidiens a été estimée à 961,5 ± 1041,9 m et les variations s'expliquaient principalement par l'âge et la température (la distance diminuait quand les températures étaient plus basses et était plus courte chez les oiseaux dont c'était le premier hiver). Trois épisodes de froid sont survenus en 2009-2010; 80 % des bécasses suivies au cours de cet hiver ont effectué des vols pour s'éloigner, se déplaçant > 20 km et revenant au site occupé précédemment lorsque les effets du froid ont été terminés (environ 8 jours plus tard). Parmi les bécasses suivies, 54,9 % d'entre elles ont survécu durant l'hiver. La cause la plus fréquente de mortalité était la chasse, laquelle touchait surtout les oiseaux dont c'était le premier hiver. La survie des bécasses était plus faible dans les endroits où l...

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Section: Winter Survival Ratementioning

confidence: 95%

Factors influencing mobility and survival of Eurasian Woodcock wintering in Spain

Guzmán¹,

Caro²,

Arroyo³

2017

ACE

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“…Inter-year variation in survival rate has been observed in woodcock in both the breeding season and during fall (Longcore et al 2000, Bruggink et al 2013. Longcore et al (2000) attributed inter-year differences in survival rate to 1 year with lower female survival rate due to an extended period of nesting.…”

Section: Female Survival Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Season Survival of American Woodcock at a Habitat Demonstration Area in Minnesota

Daly

Andersen

Brininger

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Eleventh American Woodcock Symposium

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American woodcock (Scolopax minor; hereafter woodcock) best management practices (BMPs) applied at a landscape scale have been proposed to increase woodcock population densities, yet little information exists regarding population vital rates following application of BMPs. We estimated survival rates of woodcock adult females, nests, and juveniles at a woodcock habitat-management demonstration area in west-central Minnesota during the spring and summer (23 March -30 June) of 2011 and 2012. We radio-marked and tracked 41 adult female and 73 juvenile woodcock, and monitored 51 broods and 48 woodcock nests to determine fates. We used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to estimate survival rates of females, nests, and juveniles for both 2011 and 2012 and logistic-exposure models to assess relationships between survival and weather covariates, individual life history traits, and vegetation characteristics resulting from BMPs. Breeding season cumulative survival rate for adult females from 1 April -30 June was 0.695 (95% CI: 0.357 -1.052) in 2011, 0.740 (95% CI: 0.391 -1.091) in 2012, and 0.751 (95% CI: 0.499 -1.000) when pooling data from both years. Nest survival rate for the 24-day laying and incubation period was 0.458 (95% CI: 0.299 -0.696) in 2011 and 0.786 (95% CI: 0.616 -0.998) in 2012. Cumulative survival rate for juvenile woodcock for a 61-day period (1 May -30 June) following hatch through mid-summer, when juveniles are independent from adults, was 0.330 (95% CI: 0.188 -0.613) in 2011 and 0.576 (95% CI: 0.398 -0.833) in 2012. In all logistic-exposure survival models, we included a year covariate (females: β 2011 = −0.16, 95% CI: −1.67 to 1.45, nests: β 2011 = −0.768, 95% CI: −1.70 to 0.166, juveniles: β 2011 = −0.85, 95% CI: −1.77 to 0.07) to account for between-year variation in survival rates, although removing that covariate in models did not result in changes in relations between survival rates and other covariates. Our best-supported model of female survival rate was the null model, suggesting female survival rate was constant across years, and our best-supported model of nest survival rate included only a year covariate. Our best-supported model of juvenile survival rate included the covariates year, juvenile age (β AGE = 0.098, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.16), minimum temperature (β MINT = 0.14, 95% CI: −0.004 to 0.28), and precipitation (β PCPT = −0.20, 95% CI: −0.39 to −0.01). Juvenile survival rate increased with age and decreased with the amount of precipitation and had a weak positive relation with stem density (β STEM = 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.0003). Woodcock in our study almost solely used areas where BMPs had been applied on the landscape within the last 20 years and that had similar vegetation structure; in those settings, only juvenile survival rate was related to local environmental conditions.

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“…Case andAssociates 2010);, a period when woodcock may have higher mortality risks because they are transient, and at least for first-time migrants, are using new, unfamiliar areas as they migrate. Information about survival rates during migration comes primarily from banding data and telemetry studies (Longcore et al 1996(Longcore et al , 2000, with additional information coming from assessments of the effect of hunting on survival rates coinciding with the start of fall migration in the Northeast (McAuley et al 2005) and Midwest U.S (Bruggink et al 2013). Although these studies of hunting effects on survival rates extended partially into the fall migration period, both ended in November and there are no assessments of survival rates later in the fall at important mid-latitude locations such as on the Cape May Peninsula.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survival Rates and Stopover Persistence of American Woodcock Using Cape May, New Jersey, during Fall Migration

McAuley

Zimmerman

Allen

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Eleventh American Woodcock Symposium

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Cape May, New Jersey is an important stopover area for American woodcock (Scolopax minor,; hereafter woodcock) during fall migration along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. Previous research has indicated that many woodcock stop at Cape May prior to crossing Delaware Bay; however, little is known about survival of woodcock while using Cape May. To better understand woodcock survival on Cape May during fall migration and to estimate emigration rates for woodcock migrating through Cape May, we captured and marked a total of 271 woodcock with VHF transmitters and radio-tracked them weekly from November through early January 2010--2013. Of the 271 marked woodcock, our radio-tracking efforts indicated that 131 migrated from Cape May, 57 remained on Cape May, 72 died, and 11 were censored. We used a multi-state model within Program MARK to estimate weekly survival and emigration probabilities for marked woodcock. Our best-supported model indicated that survival rate varied by year, but was constant by week within years. Weekly survival rate estimates ranged from 0.894 (95% CI = 0.834 -0.934) in 2010 to 0.962 (95% CI = 0.928 -0.981) in 2011, which equates to a 9-week period survival rate ranging from 0.365 (95% CI = 0.185 -0.545) to 0.706 (95% CI = 0.541 -0.870), respectively. The 2010--2011 field season was marked by several large snowstorms during which a large percentage of marked woodcock died, whereas the other 3 years had more mild conditions and higher woodcock survival rates. Our best-supported model indicated that weekly emigration rates varied by year and week, with each year showing a different pattern of emigration from Cape May. Survival and emigration information will be useful in the development of future demographic-based population models for woodcock migrating along the Atlantic Coast.

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Fall survival of American woodcock in the western Great Lakes Region

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Factors influencing mobility and survival of Eurasian Woodcock wintering in Spain

Factors influencing mobility and survival of Eurasian Woodcock wintering in Spain

Breeding Season Survival of American Woodcock at a Habitat Demonstration Area in Minnesota

Survival Rates and Stopover Persistence of American Woodcock Using Cape May, New Jersey, during Fall Migration

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