Fall Food Habits of Ducks Near Santee Refuge, South Carolina

McGilvrey, Frank B.

doi:10.2307/3798750

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…5). Wigeon are known to eat mainly plant material [26,27] and therefore are probably not probing in the sediments even when they use the “tip‐up” maneuver. Shovelers, however, feed in a manner similar to that of the susceptible species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding in this manner has been reported for shovelers in other areas [16], although DuBowy [28] reported that shovelers spent 79 to 83% of their time “dabbling” on the surface and 1 to 3% of the time in a “tip up.” Mallards feed like wigeon, with more of their maneuvers above the sediments. Mallards, however, are generally more omnivorous than wigeon [26,27] and may probe sediments for particulate foods like seeds or invertebrates, while wigeon, with shorter bills, may be searching for plants closer to the surface of the sediments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We do not know how diet affects absorption of white phosphorus and we do not know the diets of the ducks at ERF, but most ducks are opportunistic and eat the most abundant foods. The proportion of animal food in mallard diets ranges from 4% [27] and 18% [29] to 99% [30]; in shovelers, the amount of animal food ranges from 80% [28] to 100% [29]; and in green‐winged teal, it ranges from 6% [31,32] and 17% [29] to 39% [33]. Seasonal changes in the diet have been documented in northern pintail and green‐winged teal [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks

Steele

Reitsma

Racine

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Three species of ducks, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), northern pintail (Anas acuta), and green-winged teal (Anas crecca), that frequent an estuarine salt marsh in Alaska during migration die in large numbers from ingesting particles of white phosphorus. Two other common species, northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) and American wigeon (Anas americana), are rarely found dead. Selectivity indices show that this difference in mortality is not due to different numbers of each species being present. We investigated three hypotheses for the difference in susceptibility to this poison. First, we found that wigeons had more total grit in their gizzards than the susceptible species and shovelers had a high proportion of particles Ͼ1 mm compared to other species. Thus, ingestion of particles of white phosphorus as grit cannot explain the differences in susceptibility. Second, feeding behavior could not completely account for the lack of susceptibility in shovelers. Shovelers often forage with their neck or more in the water and often have their bills in the sediments. Wigeon, however, frequently forage with just their bill in the water and rarely penetrate the sediments. This feeding behavior, coupled with a diet consisting mainly of plants, may limit exposure of wigeon. Third, shovelers have wide upper bills, with lamellae consisting of long thin filaments extending from the upper bill inward toward the lower bill. These lamellae may allow white phosphorus particles to be flushed out during feeding. Thus, if physiological tolerance to white phosphorus is similar among these species, the difference in susceptibility appears to be due to differences in feeding behavior and bill morphology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks

Steele

Reitsma

Racine

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Aquatic invertebrates are important in waterfowl diets during late summer and fall (McGilvrey 1966, Sugden and Driver 1980, Pederson and Pederson 1983, Miller 1987, Gruenhagen and Fredrickson 1990 when botulism epizoofics are most common (Rosen 1971). Avian botulism kills up to hundreds of thousands of waterfowl in California each year (Hunter 1970), and during epizootics, dead waterfowl often remain to decompose in wetlands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic invertebrate ecology during a simulated botulism epizootic in a Sacramento Valley wetland

Hicks¹,

Euliss²,

Harris

1997

Wetlands

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We investigated the effect of decomposing duck carcasses on aquatic invertebrate numbers, biomass, and taxonomic composition in a seasonally flooded, impounded wetland in the Sacramento Valley, California during August-November 1988 and1989. Major invertebrate taxa were copepods (Cyclopoida, occurred in 8.3% of samples), water fleas (Daphnidae, 8.9%), water boatmen (Corisella, 10.4%), and midge larvae (Goeldichironomus, 9.3%; Chironomus, 11.5%; Tanypus, 17.2%). We found no treatment (carcass present or no carcass) by sampling day interaction for these taxa. We found a significant difference between sample plots with carcasses and those without carcasses only for Daphnidae counts and Corisella wet weights. We found significant differences among sampling days for these taxa that were probably statistical artifacts. We were unable to detect any effect of duck carcasses on aquatic invertebrate community structure and the potential availability of invertebrates as waterfowl food.

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“…Previous food habits data gathered on non-breeding pintails from throughout North America have shown the species to be primarily vegetarian (Anderson, 1959;Chamberlain, 1959;Glasgow and Bardwell, 1962;Keith and Stanislawski, 1960;Martin, Zim and Nelson, 1951;Mabbott, 1920;McGilvrey, 1966;McMahan, 1970;Munro, 1944; and others). In some instances the difference in diet may be related to techniques used to gather food habits information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ecology of the pintail (Anas acuta) in North Dakota

Krapu

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Fall Food Habits of Ducks Near Santee Refuge, South Carolina

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks

Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks

Aquatic invertebrate ecology during a simulated botulism epizootic in a Sacramento Valley wetland

Feeding ecology of the pintail (Anas acuta) in North Dakota

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