Fair TCP congestion control in heterogeneous networks with explicit congestion notification

How to avoid TCP congestion without dropping packets: An effective AQM called PINK

“…The AQM problem is strongly coupled to the TCP family and also sound and detailed analysis have been provided such as [1], AQM algorithms in fact basically try to exploit some smart solutions in the middle nodes between the end-to-end communication point of a TCP connection. The initial approach to let TCP cooperate with routers is the Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) presented in [2]. The authors proposed an algorithm which extracts the network status from successive binary congestion information and estimate a fair window size.…”

Explicit congestion control based on 1-bit probabilistic marking

“…[21][22][23][24][25], followed by e.g. [26][27][28][29], explore the advantages of router-assisted congestion control for the Internet. More recently [30][31][32][33] effective solutions and alternatives to TCP end-to-end congestion control have been discussed, with algorithms based on explicit congestion signaling.…”

Congestion Control in 4G Wireless Networks Using Coalition Game

“…They prove the existence of equilibrium under mild assumptions. In paper [11], an ECN (explicit congestion notification) algorithm has been proposed to avoid the throughput degradation due to unnecessary packet drops. The idea of ECN was to notify sending hosts explicitly of congestion occurrence in the network instead of packet drops.…”