Fair Play in Sport: A Moral Norm System

Loland, Sigmund; Court, Jürgen

doi:10.1007/bf03176345

Cited by 120 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Sport should be fair. Another aspect of discussions on justice and fairness has to do with the relationship between performance and reward and rule violation and penalties (Loland, 2002). Violation of the reporting system is given equal status to doping offences.…”

Section: Justice and Fairnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elite athletes’ duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti‐doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime?

Hanstad

Loland

2009

European Journal of Sport Science

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In this article we explain and reflect critically upon the athlete whereabouts reporting system in top-level sports initiated by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). This system makes it compulsory for athletes who are in a registered testing pool in their national and/or international federation to submit information about their whereabouts. In this way, athletes are required to be accessible for no advance notice doping tests all year round. If such information is not submitted, or if the information provided is incorrect and athletes cannot be found when a no advance notice test is supposed to be taken (a missed test), they may be given a warning. In most sports and national anti-doping regulations, three such warnings within 18 months may be regarded as a violation of the doping regulations and may lead to exclusion from sport for a period of between three months and two years. The system is controversial. In this article we will examine the key objections to the system and, more specifically, objections connected to ideas of justice and athletes' autonomy and right to selfdetermination. The argument will be a practical ethical one informed by a survey on attitudes towards the whereabouts system carried out among 236 athletes belonging to the registered testing pool in Norway. We conclude that if the basic principles of anti-doping work are 1 accepted, WADA's whereabouts system represents nothing other than an efficient extension of this work.

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Section: Justice and Fairnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elite athletes’ duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti‐doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime?

Hanstad

Loland

2009

European Journal of Sport Science

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“…A rugby ball could bounce left or right, for instance, but a skilled player knows exactly where to be and how to be poised to take optimum advantage, regardless of which way the bounce goes. In contrast, all of de Wachter (1985) Loland (2002) and Kretchmar (2012) accept chance as a welcome part of sport: Loland because it 'increases experiential values and adds to the openness of competitions' (94) and Kretchmar because 'We do not … want sport to become a too finely tuned merit assessment machine' (112). Armed with the dispositional modality, it now seems possible to reconcile most of these views.…”

Section: Chance Skill and Luckmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tendential Theory of Sporting Prowess

Mumford

Anjum

2014

Journal of the Philosophy of Sport

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The results of sport would not interest us if either they were necessitated or they were a matter of pure chance. And if either case were true, the playing of sport would seem to make no sense either. This poses a dilemma. But there is something between these two options, namely the dispositional modality. Sporting prowess can be understood as a disposition towards victory and sporting liabilities a disposition towards defeat. The sporting contest then pits these net prowesses against each other. The stronger will tend to beat the weaker but no more than tend. This makes sense of the sporting contest in which the weaker knows they still can win. The stronger team can lose though they don't tend to do so. The dilemma is thus escaped.

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“…In his doctoral work from 1990 Loland further pursued an interest for sport ethics and especially the idea of fair play, its historical roots and present condition. In his PhD thesis he presents a normative theory of fair play in contemporary sport (54). John Rawls is a central source of inspiration in addition to elements of preference utilitarianism within a deontological framework.…”

Section: Main Themes and Leading Work In Norwegian Sport Philosophymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loland's work in fair play has an ambition to restore it and interpret the ideal in a systematic and critical way and make it viable also today (54). He has also been interested in testing the empirical consequences of the idea and defend it against objections (53; 59; 61; 63; 66).…”

Section: Main Themes and Leading Work In Norwegian Sport Philosophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Philosophy of Sport in the Nordic Countries

Breivik¹

2010

Journal of the Philosophy of Sport

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Fair Play in Sport: A Moral Norm System

Cited by 120 publications

References 1 publication

Elite athletes’ duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti‐doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime?

Elite athletes’ duty to provide information on their whereabouts: Justifiable anti‐doping work or an indefensible surveillance regime?

The Tendential Theory of Sporting Prowess

Philosophy of Sport in the Nordic Countries

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